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Yuan Huang Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yunyun Hu The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Bingshu Bao The Second People’s Hospital, Luqiao, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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). Body mass index and visceral fat mass with obesity The proportion of people with obesity has increased globally over the past 50 years ( 5 ). Obesity is an adiposity-based chronic disease. From ancient times to the present, obesity has been defined in

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0291
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access
Melony C Fortuin-de Smidt Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Council, Tygerberg, South Africa

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Amy E Mendham Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Council, Tygerberg, South Africa

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Jon Hauksson Department of Radiation Sciences, Radiation Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Umea University, Umea, Sweden

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Ali Alhamud Department of Human Biology, MRC/UCT Medical Imaging Research Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
The Modern Pioneer Center and ArSMRM for MRI Training and Development, Tripoli, Libya

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Darko Stefanovski Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Centre, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania, USA

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Olah Hakim Department of Diabetes, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK

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Jeroen Swart Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

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Louise M Goff Department of Diabetes, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK

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Steven E Kahn Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Tommy Olsson Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden

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Julia H Goedecke Division of Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Department of Human Biology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Council, Tygerberg, South Africa

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, soleus intra-myocellular fat; TEMCL, tibialis anterior extra-myocellular fat; TIMCL, tibialis anterior intra-myocellular fat; VAT, visceral adipose tissue. adipose tissue; SIMCL, soleus intra-myocellular fat; SEMCL, soleus extra-myocellular fat; TIMCL

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0153
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 5
Open access
Dandan Hu D Hu, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Xiangguo Cong X Cong, Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, suzhou, China

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Beibei Gao B Gao, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Ying Wu Y Wu, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Qiong Shen Q Shen, Department of Endocrinology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

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Lei Chen L Chen, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 苏州, 2100000, China

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Background:

Evidence has demonstrated that visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) had different influences on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to investigate the relationship between the visceral fat area (VFA) to subcutaneous fat area (SFA) ratio (V/S) and carotid atherosclerosis (CAS) in patients with T2DM.

Methods:

From January 2018 to May 2023, 1,838 patients with T2DM admitted to the National Metabolic Management Centre in our hospital were assigned to two groups based on comorbid CAS. Dual bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to measure the VAF and SFA, and the V/S was calculated. Patient characteristics and serum biochemical indices were compared between groups. Factors influencing comorbid CAS were determined, and correlations between V/S and other clinical indices were analyzed.

Results:

The group with comorbid CAS included 858 individuals and 980 without comorbid CAS. Those with comorbid CAS were older and had a longer disease duration, more significant systolic blood pressure, and greater V/S. The proportions of patients with comorbid hypertension increased significantly with the V/S ratio. The V/S ratio positively correlated with triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, and waist circumference. According to binary logistic regression analysis, V/S was an independent risk factor for CAS.

Conclusion:

Elevated V/S is an independent risk factor for CAS in patients with T2DM.

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0412
Volume/Issue:
Accepted Manuscripts
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Fabyan Esberard de Lima Beltrão Lauro Wanderley University Hospital, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
University Centre of João Pessoa (UNIPE), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

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Daniele Carvalhal de Almeida Beltrão University Centre of João Pessoa (UNIPE), João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

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Giulia Carvalhal Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil

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Fabyo Napoleão de Lima Beltrão Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, João Pessoa, Brazil

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Igor Motta de Aquino Metropolitan Hospital Dom José Maria Pires, Santa Rita, Paraíba, Brazil

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Thaíse da Silva Brito New Hope Medical School – FAMENE, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

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Barbara Costa Paulino Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

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Elisa Aires Postgraduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Diana Viegas Internal Medicine Department, rede UniFTC, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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Fabio Hecht The Institute of Biophysics Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Bruno Halpern Weight Control Centre, Hospital 9 de Julho, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Liana Clebia De Morais Pordeus Postgraduate Program in Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

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Maria da Conceição Rodrigues Gonçalves Postgraduate Program in Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil

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Helton Estrela Ramos Postgraduate Program in Interactive Processes of Organs and Systems, Health & Science Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
Department of Biorregulation, Health Sciences Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Bahia, Brazil
Postgraduate Program in Medicine and Health, Medical School of Medicine, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil

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infection to increased severity of this disease, including hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) admission, orotracheal intubations, and death ( 4 , 5 ). BMI is commonly used to assess obesity, but fat distribution (visceral and s.c.) and body

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0290
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 10
Open access
Philippe Jean-Luc Gradidge Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nicole G Jaff Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Shane A Norris SAMRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
Global Health Research Institute, School of Human Development and Health, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK

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Marketa Toman Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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Nigel J Crowther Department of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

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of gluteofemoral (for which hip circumference is used as a proxy marker) and leg fat appears to be protective ( 10 ). In addition, a recent study has shown that increased visceral fat is associated with lower levels of adiponectin, while increasing

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0156
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access
Shane M Regnier Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Andrew G Kirkley University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Daniel Ruiz Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Wakanene Kamau University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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Qian Wu Wadsworth Center, New York Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA

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Kurunthachalam Kannan Wadsworth Center, New York Department of Health, Albany, New York, USA

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Robert M Sargis Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA

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approximately 50% projected to be obese by 2030 ( 2 ). Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease, obstructive sleep apnea and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( 3 , 4 ), and the societal expansion in fat mass is thought to

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0320
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 1
Open access
Lars Peter Sørensen
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Tina Parkner Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Esben Søndergaard
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Bo Martin Bibby Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Holger Jon Møller Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

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Søren Nielsen
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comparable in all groups, was positively associated with sCD163 only in the overweight/obese T2DM men, suggesting that VAT inflammation is exaggerated, and that propensity to store excess body fat viscerally is particularly detrimental in men with T2DM. In

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0107
Volume/Issue:
Volume 4: Issue 1
Open access
Christian Høst Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and the Medical Research Laboratories, Clinical Institute, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Anders Bojesen Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Mogens Erlandsen Section for Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark

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Kristian A Groth Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Kurt Kristensen Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Anne Grethe Jurik Department of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Niels H Birkebæk Department of Pediatrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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Claus H Gravholt Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and the Medical Research Laboratories, Clinical Institute, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark

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obese patients ( 13 ), but not in lean patients ( 14 ). Which point toward the fact that changes in insulin sensitivity during therapy largely depend on the amount of ‘modifiable fat’, especially visceral fat. Studies on male hypogonadal patients of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0323
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 9
Open access
Alice S Ryan VA Maryland Health Care System, Division of Endocrinology, Research Service, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10 North Greene Street GRECC (BT/18/GR), Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA

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John C McLenithan VA Maryland Health Care System, Division of Endocrinology, Research Service, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10 North Greene Street GRECC (BT/18/GR), Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA

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Gretchen M Zietowski VA Maryland Health Care System, Division of Endocrinology, Research Service, Division of Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine, Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 10 North Greene Street GRECC (BT/18/GR), Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA

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abdominal fat in postmenopausal women with prior GDM. Two studies have examined visceral fat in younger women (mean age ∼32 years) with a history of GDM (25, 26) . In GDM women studied, three months post partum , visceral fat and subcutaneous fat were

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0072
Volume/Issue:
Volume 2: Issue 2
Open access
Sandrine Visentin Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HM, Timone Enfants Hospital, Marseille, France
Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France

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Gérard Michel Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HM, Timone Enfants Hospital, Marseille, France
Research Unit EA 3279 and Department of Public Health, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France

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Claire Oudin Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HM, Timone Enfants Hospital, Marseille, France
Research Unit EA 3279 and Department of Public Health, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France

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Béatrice Cousin STROMALab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS ERL5311, EFS, INP-ENVT, INSERM U1031, UPS, Toulouse, France

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Bénédicte Gaborit Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France

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Inès Abdesselam Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France

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Marie Maraninchi Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France

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Marion Nowicki Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France

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René Valéro Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France
Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology Department, AP-HM, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France

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Maxime Guye AP-HM, Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France

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Monique Bernard AP-HM, Timone, CEMEREM, Marseille, France
Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France

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Pascal Auquier Research Unit EA 3279 and Department of Public Health, Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France

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Hervé Chambost Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, AP-HM, Timone Enfants Hospital, Marseille, France

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Marie-Christine Alessi Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France

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Sophie Béliard Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, Marseille, France
Nutrition, Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology Department, AP-HM, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France

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-biological expression of an insulin-resistant state. Over the years, accumulating evidence has revealed that insulin resistance is the consequence of a deficit in the capacity of subcutaneous fat to store excess energy, resulting in increased accumulation of fat in

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0497
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 4
Open access