Ann-Kristin Picke
Ann-Kristin Picke
Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Graeme Campbell
Graeme Campbell
Institute of Biomechanics, TUHH Hamburg University of Technology, Hamburg, Germany
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Nicola Napoli
Nicola Napoli
Diabetes and Bone Network, Department Endocrinology and Diabetes, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Italy
Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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Division of Bone and Mineral Diseases, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri, USA
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Lorenz C Hofbauer
Lorenz C Hofbauer
Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Martina Rauner
Martina Rauner
Department of Medicine III & Center for Healthy Aging, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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complications, the increased risk for fragility fractures has recently been recognized as an important complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM, T2DM) ( 3 , 4 , 5 ). While type 1 diabetics have low bone mineral density and a six- to
Karim Gariani
Karim Gariani
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Pedro Marques-Vidal
Pedro Marques-Vidal
Departments of Medicine and Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Gérard Waeber
Gérard Waeber
Departments of Medicine and Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Peter Vollenweider
Peter Vollenweider
Departments of Medicine and Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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François R Jornayvaz
François R Jornayvaz
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Hypertension and Nutrition, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) pathogenesis may involve the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis (HPA) ( 1 ). Common features observed in T2DM and metabolic syndrome, such as elevated fasting glucose, obesity, hyperlipidemia or
Metin Guclu
Metin Guclu
Health Sciences University, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Training Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Bursa, Turkey
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Sinem Kiyici
Sinem Kiyici
Health Sciences University, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Training Hospital, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Bursa, Turkey
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Zulfiye Gul
Zulfiye Gul
Department of Pharmacology, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Bursa, Turkey
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Sinan Cavun
Sinan Cavun
Department of Pharmacology, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Bursa, Turkey
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Introduction Excess weight and weight gain are significant problems in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus ( 1 ). Weight reduction is a critical part of type 2 diabetic patients’ management to obtain better glycemic control
Qiuyu Huang
Qiuyu Huang
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Hanshen Chen
Hanshen Chen
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Fan Xu
Fan Xu
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Chao Liu
Chao Liu
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China
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Yafeng Wang
Yafeng Wang
Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Jinghong, Yunnan Province, China
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Weifeng Tang
Weifeng Tang
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Province, China
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Liangwan Chen
Liangwan Chen
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is considered as a metabolic disease with hyperglycemia and vascular and/or nervous complications. In China, the reported prevalence of T2DM is 11.6% ( 1 ), which appears to have increased in the
Sweta Budyal
Sweta Budyal
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Swati Sachin Jadhav
Swati Sachin Jadhav
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Rajeev Kasaliwal
Rajeev Kasaliwal
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Hiren Patt
Hiren Patt
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Shruti Khare
Shruti Khare
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Vyankatesh Shivane
Vyankatesh Shivane
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Anurag R Lila
Anurag R Lila
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Tushar Bandgar
Tushar Bandgar
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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Nalini S Shah
Nalini S Shah
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G S Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400012, India
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with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity, osteoporosis, and polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) . As impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes are important metabolic manifestations of CS, several studies have attempted to examine the
S Westra
S Westra
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
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Y H M Krul-Poel
Y H M Krul-Poel
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
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H J van Wijland
H J van Wijland
Department of General Practice, DIAZON, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
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M M ter Wee
M M ter Wee
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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F Stam
F Stam
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
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P Lips
P Lips
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Section, VU Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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F Pouwer
F Pouwer
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
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S Simsek
S Simsek
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Centre Alkmaar, Alkmaar, the Netherlands
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increased risk for microvascular and macrovascular complications, including neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, peripheral artery disease and cardiovascular disease ( 1 ). Furthermore, in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM), relatively high
Feifei Shao
Feifei Shao
Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Xinxin Hu
Xinxin Hu
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Jiayu Li
Jiayu Li
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Bona Bai
Bona Bai
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Limin Tian
Limin Tian
Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Introduction The growing aging population and the increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have become a substantial concern for healthcare systems worldwide. A study reported that the prevalence of diabetes peaks at the age of
Xiaoxia Jia
Xiaoxia Jia
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Yaxin An
Yaxin An
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Yuechao Xu
Yuechao Xu
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Yuxian Yang
Yuxian Yang
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Chang Liu
Chang Liu
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Dong Zhao
Dong Zhao
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Jing Ke
Jing Ke
Center for Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care, Beijing, China
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Introduction Osteoporosis and related fractures commonly exist in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), which results in a great economic and social burden in the aging society ( 1 ). It has been reported that diabetes mellitus was an
Borros Arneth
Borros Arneth
Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of the Universities of Giessen and Marburg, UKGM, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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. ( doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.08.040190.003243 ) 2188676 10.1146/annurev.iy.08.040190.003243 2 Zhang L Eisenbarth GS. Prediction and prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus . Journal of Diabetes 2011 3 48 – 57 . ( doi:10.1111/j.1753
Lars Peter Sørensen
Lars Peter Sørensen
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Tina Parkner
Tina Parkner
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Esben Søndergaard
Esben Søndergaard
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Bo Martin Bibby
Bo Martin Bibby
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Holger Jon Møller
Holger Jon Møller
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Søren Nielsen
Søren Nielsen
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Introduction Obesity is a major risk factor for the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but the adverse metabolic consequences of obesity vary between individuals (1) . The mechanisms underlying obesity
