images, and biochemical indicators (each criterion must be met: low thyroid-stimulating hormone – TSH, high free triiodothyronine – FT3, high free thyroxine – FT4, elevated TSH receptor antibody – TRAb) ( 14 ). The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1
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Chun-feng Lu, Wang-shu Liu, Xiao-qin Ge, Feng Xu, Jian-bin Su, Xue-qin Wang, and Yan Wang
Marek Niedziela
common cause being their excessive tissue concentration. Graves’ disease (GD) is a form of autoimmune hyperthyroidism associated with the presence of autoantibodies stimulating the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptor (TRAb). Epidemiology GD
Qing Zhu, Jianbin Su, Xueqin Wang, Mengjie Tang, Yingying Gao, and Dongmei Zhang
/diastolic blood pressure; TgAb, thyroglobulin antibody; thyroid VolT, total thyroid gland volume; TPOAb, thyroid peroxidase antibody; TRAb, hyrotropin receptor antibody; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; Y/N, yes/no. Bold indicates statistical significance, P
Zhengrong Jiang, Linghong Huang, Lijun Chen, Jingxiong Zhou, Bo Liang, Xuefeng Bai, Lizhen Wu, and Huibin Huang
included the following ( 13 ): diffuse goitre, with symptoms of increased sweating, heat intolerance, elevated heart rate, elevated serum thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb), and low serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). The newly diagnosed GD patients
Leqi He, Xiaoying Li, Zaoping Chen, Wei Wang, Kai Wang, Xinmei Huang, Qian Yang, Wencai Ke, Jun Liu, and Bingbing Zha
and stabilize at 5000–20,000 U/L in the second trimester of pregnancy ( 1 ). Because the subunit of hCG is similar to the α subunit of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ( 2 ), it can directly stimulate the TSH receptor and increase thyroid hormone
Stavroula Stavrou, Michael Gratz, Eileen Tremmel, Christina Kuhn, Simone Hofmann, Helene Heidegger, Mina Peryanova, Kerstin Hermelink, Stefan Hutter, Bettina Toth, Doris Mayr, Sven Mahner, Udo Jeschke, and Aurelia Vattai
maintenance of an euthyroid state is crucial for a healthy pregnancy ( 2 ). Thyroid hormones, which bind to the thyroid hormone receptor (THR), play an important role during trophoblast differentiation and the development of the foetal nervous system ( 3
Jiayang Lin, Peizhen Zhang, Yan Huang, Xueyun Wei, Dan Guo, Jianfang Liu, Deying Liu, Yajuan Deng, Bingyan Xu, Chensihan Huang, Xiaoyu Yang, Yan Lu, Lijing Jia, and Huijie Zhang
serum thyroid hormone, reduced thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and elevated serum TSH receptor antibody (TRAb) levels. All hyperthyroid patients received thionamide treatment. Of them, 46 hyperthyroid patients received thionamide treatment for 3
Aaron Lerner, Patricia Jeremias, and Torsten Matthias
peroxidase antibodies (TPO). The disease is a common cause of low thyroid hormones with a high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) but some exhibit subclinical hypothyroidism. Interestingly, symptoms of HT and celiac disease (CD) often overlap ( Table 1 ), and
Stefan Schulz, Anika Mann, Benjamin Novakhov, Hugh D Piggins, and Amelie Lupp
polyclonal antibodies. Recently, we have extensively characterised three novel rabbit MABs against the sst2A receptor, the sst5 receptor and the sst3 receptor named UMB1, UMB4 and UMB5. We have shown that these antibodies selectively detect their cognate
Nese Cinar and Alper Gurlek
obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular complications, by promoting a low-grade WAT inflammation (1, 2) . Thyroid hormones are involved in the regulation of body metabolism. Their effects include the stimulation of resting