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Kevin C J Yuen Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States

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Gudmundur Johannsson Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Ken K Y Ho The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

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Bradley S Miller Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, M Health Fairview Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

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Ignacio Bergada Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Alan D Rogol Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

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but may also be triggered by organic causes. To distinguish between transient and persistent GHD in the adolescent patient transitioning into adulthood requires re-testing in the transition phase after the completion of linear growth ( 1 , 2 , 3

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0504
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 7
Open access
Sharmin Jahan Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, BSMMU, Dhaka, Bangladesh

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Jun Yang Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia

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Jinbo Hu Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Qifu Li Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

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Peter J Fuller Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Victoria, Australia

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factors ( 17 ). It is important to confirm an elevated ARR with additional testing unless the patient has florid biochemical features of PA including suppressed renin, high aldosterone concentration, and hypokalemia. Indeed, a recent meta-analysis of 31

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Adrenal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0445
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 3
Open access
Dongyan Han Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Min Ding Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Rongli Xie Department of General Surgery, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Zhengshi Wang Thyroid Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Guohui Xiao Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Xiaohong Wang Shanghai Rigen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China

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Lei Dong Department of Pathology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Zhiqiang Yin Thyroid Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Jian Fei Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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current diagnostic modalities routinely used for thyroid disorders in China include palpation, ultrasonography, and serum testing of thyroid function. Ultrasonography based on the American Thyroid Association (ATA) risk stratification criteria is a common

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0135
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 8
Open access
Grethe Å Ueland Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway

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Thea Grinde Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

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Paal Methlie Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
K. G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

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Oskar Kelp Department of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway

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Kristian Løvås Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
K. G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

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Eystein S Husebye Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
K. G. Jebsen Center for Autoimmune Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

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therefore recommended that all patients with AI should be assessed for ACS. The most recent international guidelines recommend the 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) to screen for ACS ( 1 ). This test is not optimal, as the DST has low

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0419
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 10
Open access
Laura Potasso Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Julie Refardt Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Irina Chifu Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg Germany

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Martin Fassnacht Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg Germany
Central Laboratory, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

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Wiebke Kristin Fenske Integrated Research and Treatment Center for Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany

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Mirjam Christ-Crain Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Introduction The hypertonic saline infusion test with continuous infusion of 3% NaCl has recently been put forward as a new test for the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI) ( 1 ). For other indications such as hemorrhagic and septic shock

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0531
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 4
Open access
Lauren Bell Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK

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Ann Louise Hunter Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK

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Angelos Kyriacou Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
CEDM Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Limassol, Cyprus

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Annice Mukherjee Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK

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Akheel A Syed Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK

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triiodothyronine (T3) ( 6 ). Additional diagnostic tests can include imaging (commonly ultrasound and radioisotope uptake study) and thyroid autoantibodies, which can help to distinguish GD from other causes of thyrotoxicosis. The autoimmune production of TSH

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0082
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 4
Open access
Ramjan Sanas Mohamed Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Biyaser Abuelgasim Imperial College School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Sally Barker Imperial College School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Hemanth Prabhudev Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Niamh M Martin Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Karim Meeran Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Emma L Williams Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Sarah Darch Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Whitlock Matthew Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Tricia Tan Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Florian Wernig Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Introduction Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is caused by prolonged and inappropriate exposure of tissues to glucocorticoids ( 1 ). Endogenous CS often poses considerable diagnostic challenges. Most guidelines recommend two different tests to screen

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Adrenal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0050
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 7
Open access
Danielle Christine Maria van der Kaay Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Anne Rochtus Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Gerhard Binder University Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany

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Ingo Kurth Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

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Dirk Prawitt Center for Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center, Mainz, Germany

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Irène Netchine Sorbonne Université, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France

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Gudmundur Johannsson Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Anita C S Hokken-Koelega Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics, Subdivision of Endocrinology, Rotterdam, Netherlands

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Miriam Elbracht Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

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Thomas Eggermann Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

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for SRS testing) SGA, postnatal growth retardation, short stature, prominent forehead, feeding difficulties, boday asymmetry, café-au-lait spots, Burkitt lymphome at age 9 years. Normal psychomotoric development. (referred for SRS testing

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0277
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 11
Open access
Bjørn O Åsvold Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway
Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway

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Valdemar Grill Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway
Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway

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Ketil Thorstensen Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway

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Marit R Bjørgaas Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway
Department of Endocrinology, Department of Public Health, Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, St Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, P O Box 3250 Sluppen, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway

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Introduction The 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) is a common initial test for endogenous Cushing's syndrome (1) . The principle of the test is that dexamethasone will suppress ACTH and cortisol secretion in healthy individuals

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0047
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 2
Open access
Jose M Garcia GRECC VA Puget Sound HCS/University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Beverly M K Biller Massachusetts General Hospital, Neuroendocrine Unit, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Márta Korbonits Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, Endocrinology, London, UK

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Vera Popovic University of Belgrade, Medical Faculty, Belgrade, Serbia

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Anton Luger Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Medical University, General Hospital, Vienna, Austria

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Christian J Strasburger Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Clinical Endocrinology CCM, Berlin, Germany

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Philippe Chanson Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service d’Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l’Hypophyse, and Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, Inserm, Signalisation Hormonale, Physiopathologie Endocrinienne et Métabolique, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France

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Ronald Swerdloff The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA

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Christina Wang The Lundquist Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA

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Rosa Rosanna Fleming Strongbridge Biopharma, Trevose, Pennsylvania, USA

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Fredric Cohen Strongbridge Biopharma, Trevose, Pennsylvania, USA

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Nicola Ammer Aeterna Zentaris GmbH, Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany

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Gilbert Mueller Aeterna Zentaris GmbH, Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany

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Nicky Kelepouris Novo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Frank Strobl Novo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Vlady Ostrow Novo Nordisk Inc., Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Kevin C J Yuen University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Barrow Pituitary Center, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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on diagnosis and disease progression ( 17 ). Thus, except in patients with panhypopituitarism and low insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) levels, the diagnosis of AGHD often requires confirmation using a provocative GH stimulation test (GHST) ( 18

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0491
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 1
Open access