likely to rise with it ( 3 ). The need for sleep changes as humans grow older. It is recommended that newborns sleep 14–17 h per day, but as humans reach the age of 18 years, the need for sleep stabilizes at 7–9 h of sleep per night ( 4 ). Insomnia is
Cross-sectional analysis of sleep hours and quality with sex hormones in men
Morten Ruge, Tea Skaaby, Anna-Maria Andersson, and Allan Linneberg
Effects of low-dose oral micronised progesterone on sleep, psychological distress, and breast development in transgender individuals undergoing feminising hormone therapy: a prospective controlled study
Brendan J Nolan, Aviva S Frydman, Shalem Y Leemaqz, Meg Carroll, Mathis Grossmann, Jeffrey D Zajac, and Ada S Cheung
( 8 ). Pre-clinical data demonstrates modulation of the γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABA-A) receptor, and micronised progesterone treatment has been found to reduce sleep onset latency and to improve self-reported sleep outcomes in randomised
Polycystic ovary syndrome and the risk of obstructive sleep apnea: a meta-analysis and review of the literature
Nafiye Helvaci, Erdem Karabulut, Ahmet Ugur Demir, and Bulent Okan Yildiz
growing body of literature suggesting that obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can be added to the list of cardiometabolic disorders in PCOS. OSA is a relatively common and chronic sleep disorder characterized by recurrent complete (apnea) or partial (hypopnea
Sleep deprivation and diet affect human GH gene expression in transgenic mice in vivo
Jessica S Jarmasz, Yan Jin, Hana Vakili, and Peter A Cattini
has been heavily studied ( 2 ). Serum levels of hGH vary considerably over the course of the day and during the night as it is dependent on a variety of factors including (and not limited to) the circadian rhythm, sleep–wake cycle, diet, metabolism
Effects of chronically high levels of aldosterone on different cognitive dimensions: an investigation in patients with primary aldosteronism
Lukas Engler, Christian Adolf, Daniel A Heinrich, Anna-Katharine Brem, Anna Riester, Anna Franke, Felix Beuschlein, Martin Reincke, Axel Steiger, and Heike Künzel
drugs or hormonal therapy were excluded. Use of drugs or extensive abuse of alcohol was not allowed. Patients with further hormonal disturbances or known sleeping disorders were not enclosed. The study was performed in accordance with the Declaration
Determinants of elevated chemerin as a novel biomarker of immunometabolism: data from a large population-based cohort
Liselot Koelman, Robin Reichmann, Claudia Börnhorst, Matthias B Schulze, Cornelia Weikert, Ronald Biemann, Berend Isermann, Andreas Fritsche, and Krasimira Aleksandrova
-demographic characteristics and lifestyle factors, that is, smoking, physical activity, sleeping habits, alcohol consumption, medication, self-reported health satisfaction, and prevalent diseases, were collected using computer-assisted personal interviews. Participants were
Salivary alpha amylase in on-call from home fire and emergency service personnel
Sarah J Hall, Brad Aisbett, Samuel J Robertson, Sally A Ferguson, and Anne I Turner
European Union ( 3 ) regularly operating with on-call as part of their normal work scheduling. There are two main forms of on-call work: on-call on-site, where workers remain at work while on-call and are usually provided a place to sleep, and on-call from
Circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol, plasma cortisol, and plasma ACTH in end-stage renal disease
Hershel Raff and Hariprasad Trivedi
obtained using the Salivette (Sarstedt, Nümbrecht, Germany) every 2 h except for the 2400–0400 h samples while the subjects were sleeping. Breakfast was provided at ∼0800 h, lunch was provided at ∼1200 h (after the blood draw), dinner was provided at ∼1700
Update on strategies limiting iatrogenic hypoglycemia
Aldo Bonaventura, Fabrizio Montecucco, and Franco Dallegri
arrhythmias (54) . During nocturnal hypoglycemia there is an eightfold increase in bradycardia and a fourfold increase in atrial ectopy when compared with daytime hypoglycemia. Sleep has been shown to blunt the sympatho-adrenal response to hypoglycemia (55
Serotonin and tryptophan metabolites, autoantibodies and gut microbiome in APECED
Emmi Naskali, Katja Dettmer, Peter J Oefner, Pedro A B Pereira, Kai Krohn, Petri Auvinen, Annamari Ranki, and Nicolas Kluger
motility as well as mood, sleep and appetite ( 11 ). APECED patients with circulating TPH-1 Aabs have been shown to have significantly lower serum levels of 5-HT than patients without such Aabs ( 12 ). We have previously reported that severe constipation
