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Marcus Imamovic Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Nils Bäcklund Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Staffan Lundstedt Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Göran Brattsand Department of Medical Biosciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Elisabeth Aardal Department of Clinical Chemistry and Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden

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Tommy Olsson Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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Per Dahlqvist Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden

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). However, salivary cortisol may be falsely elevated due to preanalytical errors including liquorice consumption and contamination with dermal hydrocortisone or blood in the saliva sample ( 11 , 12 , 13 ). Salivary cortisone might be less sensitive to

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Jesper Krogh Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Peter Plomgaard Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Ruth Frikke-Schmidt Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Sten Velschow Fluisense ApS, Lillerød, Denmark

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Jesper Johannesen Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev & Gentofte, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Linda Maria Hilsted Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Malene Schrøder Fluisense ApS, Lillerød, Denmark

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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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man-hours needed for serial sampling and minimizes the risks of sample loss, wrong timing, misidentification, and contamination. The volumetric DBS technology used in the Fluispotter has previously been tested ex vivo for cortisol assessment by

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Maximilian Bielohuby Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany

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Martin Bidlingmaier Endocrine Research Laboratories, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany

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Uwe Schwahn Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH, R&D, Industriepark Höchst, Frankfurt, Germany

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stored in appropriate tubes (not to forget a clear and wash-off resistant sample identifier) with appropriate lids (proper sealing of the tubes can prevent evaporation/contamination of the sample). If immunoassay measurements cannot be done right away

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Supitcha Patjamontri Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand

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Alexander Spiers MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit on Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Rachel B Smith MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit on Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, Imperial College London, London, UK
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Mohn Centre for Children’s Health and Wellbeing, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Chen Shen MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit on Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Jo Adaway Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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Brian G Keevil Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK

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Mireille B Toledano MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
NIHR Health Protection Research Unit on Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, Imperial College London, London, UK
National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Mohn Centre for Children’s Health and Wellbeing, Imperial College London, London, UK

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S Faisal Ahmed Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, University of Glasgow, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK

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girls, respectively. Sample collection, stability analysis and assays Saliva samples were collected during school hours directly into sterile polypropylene vials and the time of collection was recorded. To prevent contamination and dilution of

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Benjamin Paul Green Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK

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Javier Thomas Gonzalez Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK

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Kevin Thomas Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK

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Emma Stevenson Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK

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Penny Louise Sheena Rumbold Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Northumberland Building, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 8ST, UK

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-venous sample. Residual saline waste was discarded immediately before succeeding sample points, avoiding contamination and dilution of antecubital-venous blood. Fingertip-capillary blood was simultaneously obtained from a pre-warmed fingertip pierced with a

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Natalie Su-Jing Yap Departments of Endocrinology, Radiology, Sydney Medical School, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia

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Richard Maher Departments of Endocrinology, Radiology, Sydney Medical School, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia

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Diana Louise Learoyd Departments of Endocrinology, Radiology, Sydney Medical School, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
Departments of Endocrinology, Radiology, Sydney Medical School, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia

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cytology, and the needle was then washed to obtain the FNA-Tg samples. The majority of samples were obtained by washing 1 ml of normal saline through the needle into a sterile plain tube or container. In a minority of samples, there was a variation in the

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Hershel Raff Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine
Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine

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Hariprasad Trivedi Division of Endocrinology, Division of Nephrology, Endocrine Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine

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ESRD subject was not included in the salivary cortisol analysis because of obvious contamination of the salivary cortisol samples as described previously (17) . The control subjects had typical circadian plasma and salivary cortisol and plasma ACTH

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Ramjan Sanas Mohamed Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Biyaser Abuelgasim Imperial College School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Sally Barker Imperial College School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Hemanth Prabhudev Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Niamh M Martin Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Karim Meeran Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Emma L Williams Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Sarah Darch Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Whitlock Matthew Department of Biochemistry, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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Tricia Tan Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Imperial College London, London, UK

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Florian Wernig Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK

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was 14.5 nmol/L based on optimal cut-off by ROC analysis, sensitivity rose to 95.2% without affecting specificity. Normal LNSC: cortisone ratio is 0.2 with LC-MS/MS ( 6 ). Contamination of the salivary sample with topical hydrocortisone should be

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Mark J C van Treijen Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Catharina M Korse Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Wieke H Verbeek Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Gastroenterology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Margot E T Tesselaar Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Department of Medical Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Gerlof D Valk Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Center for Neuroendocrine Tumors, ENETS Center of Excellence, Netherlands Cancer Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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(Amsterdam, The Netherlands), an ENETS Center of Excellence ( 20 ). The study was approved by Netherlands Cancer Institute local ethics committee, and written informed consent from all subjects was obtained. Inclusion criteria were a minimum of two samples

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Filippo Ceccato Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Elisa Selmin Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Chiara Sabbadin Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Miriam Dalla Costa Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Giorgia Antonelli Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Mario Plebani Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Mattia Barbot Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Corrado Betterle Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Marco Boscaro Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Carla Scaroni Endocrinology Unit, Department of Medicine DIMED, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy

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, and then the saliva sample was placed in a plastic tube and kept at +4°C. Samples were collected at least 30 min before eating or drinking, to avoid any source of food contamination; patients brushed their teeth at least 30 min before collecting their

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