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Jia Liu Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Lin Zhang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Jing Fu Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Qiu Wang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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Guang Wang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chao-yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang District, Beijing, China

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aforementioned metabolic abnormalities, which was called 'metabolically healthy obesity (MHO)' ( 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ). The precise mechanisms responsible for such a favorable metabolic phenotype in obesity are not entirely understood. Prolactin (PRL) is secreted

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0040
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 4
Open access
Enrique Soto-Pedre Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

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Paul J Newey Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

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John S Bevan JJR Macleod Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism (Mac-DEM), Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK

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Graham P Leese Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

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recently established by the Prolactin Epidemiology, Audit and Research Study (PROLEARS) – a population-based cohort study in Tayside (Scotland, UK) ( 2 ). This study showed an overall prevalence of hyperprolactinaemia (i.e. prolactin greater than 1000 U

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0171
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 8
Open access
M von Wolff Division of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women’s Hospital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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C T Nakas University Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Laboratory of Biometry, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece

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M Tobler Division of Gynaecological Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, University Women’s Hospital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
Division of Pneumology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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T M Merz Division of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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M P Hilty Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland

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J D Veldhuis Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, Centre for Translational Science Activities, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, New York, USA

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A R Huber Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Cantonal Hospital, Aarau, Switzerland

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J Pichler Hefti Division of Pneumology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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−80°C thereafter. Cortisol, prolactin, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free tetraiodothyronine (fT4), free triiodothyronine (fT3), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and total testosterone (testosterone) were analysed

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0242
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 10
Open access
Sarah Byberg Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Futtrup Panum Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Mikkel Andreassen Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Krogh Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Introduction In recent large cohort studies, high prolactin levels within and above the normal physiological range have been associated with increased risk of cardiovascular mortality ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). It is speculated whether this association

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0286
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 10
Open access
Kazunori Morohoshi Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan

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Ryo Mochinaga Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan

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Tsukasa Watanabe Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan

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Ryojun Nakajima Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan

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Toshio Harigaya Department of Life Sciences, Laboratory of Functional Anatomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan

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Introduction Prolactin (PRL) is a 23 kDa peptide hormone that is mainly produced in the anterior pituitary gland. PRL structurally has three disulfide bonds and four alpha helixes ( 1 , 2 ). N-terminal fragments (11–18 kDa) derived from GH

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0116
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 5
Open access
Anastasia P Athanasoulia-Kaspar Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Chemistry, Munich, Germany

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Kathrin H Popp Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Chemistry, Munich, Germany

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Gunter Karl Stalla Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Chemistry, Munich, Germany

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prolactinoma was based on an enormous highly prolactin value of 10,000 ng/mL (normal range up to 25 ng/mL). The laboratory results at baseline revealed a pituitary insufficiency of the gonadotropic, thyreotropic and corticotropic axis, although stimulation

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0030
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 2
Open access
Lijin Ji Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Na Yi Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Qi Zhang Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Shuo Zhang Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Xiaoxia Liu Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Hongli Shi Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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Bin Lu Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

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–5 patients; 77 (27%) reported having seen no prolactinoma patients. Diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia For patients with prolactin (PRL) <100 ng/mL, 22% of endocrinologists believed that a prolactinoma diagnosis could be ruled out and were more likely to

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0250
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 10
Open access
Shruti Khare Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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Anurag R Lila Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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Hiren Patt Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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Chaitanya Yerawar Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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Manjunath Goroshi Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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Tushar Bandgar Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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Nalini S Shah Department of Endocrinology, Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, India

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and 2014 were retrospectively analysed. The diagnosis of macroprolactinoma was based on elevated prolactin level (>200 ng/ml) and evidence of pituitary adenoma on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the largest dimension ≥1 cm. Tumours larger than 4

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-15-0105
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 1
Open access
Caroline Serrano-Nascimento Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Rafael Barrera Salgueiro Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Kaio Fernando Vitzel Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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Thiago Pantaleão Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Vânia Maria Corrêa da Costa Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

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Maria Tereza Nunes Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

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, as described below. Thyroid gland lobes were also prepared for histological analysis. Blood samples were collected to evaluate TSH, T 4 , T 3 and prolactin serum levels. Hearts were excised to determine the wet (WHW) and dry heart weight (DHW) as

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0106
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 7
Open access
Lára Ósk Eggertsdóttir Claessen Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Emergency Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport, and Health (PAPESH) Research Centre, Sports Science Department, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland

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María Kristín Jónsdóttir Mental Health Services, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Sigrún Helga Lund deCODE Genetics, Inc/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Ingunn Unnsteinsdóttir Kristensen Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Helga Ágústa Sigurjónsdóttir Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

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). Pituitary gland injury affects the dopaminergic inhibitory control of prolactin release, resulting in rising serum prolactin (s-prolactin) levels ( 30 ). Thus, HPRL may be a sign of pituitary or hypothalamic injury following TBI ( 36 ) and may be a marker of

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0363
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 2
Open access