Aasem Saif
Aasem Saif
Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Shrook Mousa
Shrook Mousa
Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Maha Assem
Maha Assem
Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Nashwa Tharwat
Nashwa Tharwat
National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt
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Alaa Abdelhamid
Alaa Abdelhamid
Internal Medicine Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
Vascular Laboratory, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Vascular Laboratory, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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hospital. They were classified into three groups: Group I: Forty patients with overt hypothyroidism (high serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and reduced FT4). Group II: Thirty patients with subclinical hypothyroidism (high serum TSH with normal FT4
Sahar Hossam El Hini
Sahar Hossam El Hini
Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Yehia Zakaria Mahmoud
Yehia Zakaria Mahmoud
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii
Ahmed Abdelfadel Saedii
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Sayed Shehata Mahmoud
Sayed Shehata Mahmoud
Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Mohamed Ahmed Amin
Mohamed Ahmed Amin
Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Shereen Riad Mahmoud
Shereen Riad Mahmoud
Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Ragaa Abdelshaheed Matta
Ragaa Abdelshaheed Matta
Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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Introduction Overt hypothyroidism (OH) and subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) are characterized by the coexistence of traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, insulin resistance (IR), elevated inflammatory markers, altered hemodynamic
Akinori Sairaku
Akinori Sairaku
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Yukiko Nakano
Yukiko Nakano
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Yuko Uchimura
Yuko Uchimura
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Takehito Tokuyama
Takehito Tokuyama
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Hiroshi Kawazoe
Hiroshi Kawazoe
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Yoshikazu Watanabe
Yoshikazu Watanabe
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Hiroya Matsumura
Hiroya Matsumura
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Yasuki Kihara
Yasuki Kihara
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Introduction Overt hypothyroidism is known to increase the cardiovascular disorders, and thus there is a consensus to treat it ( 1 , 2 , 3 ), as with hyperparathyroidism ( 4 ). However, it remains controversial whether that is also true for
Bogumila Urgatz
Bogumila Urgatz
Merck Healthcare KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
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Kris G Poppe
Kris G Poppe
University Hospital CHU Saint Pierre, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
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limit of its pregnancy-specific reference range, when free T4 is within its reference range. Epidemiology of hypothyroidism during pregnancy The prevalence of overt hypothyroidism during pregnancy has been described as about 1–3%, with a higher
Ling Shan
Ling Shan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Yingying Zhou
Yingying Zhou
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Shiqiao Peng
Shiqiao Peng
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Xinyi Wang
Xinyi Wang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
Department of Laboratory Medical, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Department of Laboratory Medical, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Zhongyan Shan
Zhongyan Shan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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Weiping Teng
Weiping Teng
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
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). A previous large cohort study in America used trimester-specific references to classify the definition of hypothyroidism in pregnancy and found that 15.5% of pregnant women had increased TSH during pregnancy, of which 2.4% were overt hypothyroidism
Xiaoya Zheng
Xiaoya Zheng
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Heng Xiao
Heng Xiao
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Jian Long
Jian Long
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Qiang Wei
Qiang Wei
Prevention of Disease Department, Chongqing Jiulongpo District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing, China
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Liping Liu
Liping Liu
Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Liping Zan
Liping Zan
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wei Ren
Wei Ren
Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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presence of hypothyroidism was defined as a TSH value >5.91 µIU/mL with (overt hypothyroidism) or without (subclinical hypothyroidism) decreased FT3 or FT4 levels. Statistical analysis Statistical analyses were performed using GraphPad Prism 5
Madalena von Hafe
Madalena von Hafe
Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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João Sergio Neves
João Sergio Neves
Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
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Catarina Vale
Catarina Vale
Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Marta Borges-Canha
Marta Borges-Canha
Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar São João, Porto, Portugal
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Adelino Leite-Moreira
Adelino Leite-Moreira
Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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hyperthyroidism ( 50 ). Table 2 Effects of thyroid dysfunction in the cardiovascular system. Hypothyroidism: overt or subclinical Hyperthyroidism: overt or subclinical ↓ heart rate ↑ heart rate ↓ inotropism ↑ myocardial
Fan Zhang
Fan Zhang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Jian Chen
Jian Chen
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Xinyue Lin
Xinyue Lin
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Shiqiao Peng
Shiqiao Peng
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Xiaohui Yu
Xiaohui Yu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Zhongyan Shan
Zhongyan Shan
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Weiping Teng
Weiping Teng
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrine Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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= 15), overt hypothyroidism group (OH, n = 15) and SCH group ( n = 15). Rats in the OH and SCH groups were treated by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 3% pentobarbital sodium (0.1 mL/100 g) and underwent thyroidectomy. CON rats underwent sham
Amir Bashkin
Amir Bashkin
Department of Endocrinology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Eliran Yaakobi
Eliran Yaakobi
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Marina Nodelman
Marina Nodelman
Department of Endocrinology, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
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Ohad Ronen
Ohad Ronen
Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
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diagnoses: overt hypothyroidism, subclinical hypothyroidism, overt thyrotoxicosis, subclinical thyrotoxicosis and non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) and/or effect of drugs. It is impossible to differentiate between the latter two based on thyroid function
L E Zijlstra
L E Zijlstra
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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D M van Velzen
D M van Velzen
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
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S Simsek
S Simsek
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
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S P Mooijaart
S P Mooijaart
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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M van Buren
M van Buren
Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, HagaHospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
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Department of Internal Medicine, HagaHospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
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D J Stott
D J Stott
Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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I Ford
I Ford
Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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J W Jukema
J W Jukema
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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S Trompet
S Trompet
Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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overt hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism were excluded from the initial PROSPER trial. In the current study, participants were excluded when biochemical data regarding TSH was missing. In addition, participants using antithyroid medication, thyroxine
