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Charlotte Höybye Department of Endocrinology and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Beverly M K Biller Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Jean-Marc Ferran Qualiance ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Murray B Gordon Allegheny Neuroendocrinology Center, Division of Endocrinology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

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Nicky Kelepouris US Medical Affairs-Rare Endocrine Disorders, Novo Nordisk, Inc, Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Navid Nedjatian Global Medical Affairs – Rare Endocrine Disorders, Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Zurich, Switzerland

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Anne H Olsen Epidemiology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Soborg, Denmark

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Matthias M Weber Unit of Endocrinology, 1, Medical Department, University Hospital, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany

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sufficient data for calculating the CV risk on a given year ( Fig. 1 ) (see the statistical analysis section for further details). Due to the nature of observational studies, there were missing data which resulted in different numbers of treated patients in

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Ekaterina Koledova Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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George Stoyanov Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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Leroy Ovbude Business & Decision Life Sciences, Brussels, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium

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Peter S W Davies Children’s Nutrition Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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outcomes and intervene as appropriate. The easypod connect observational study (ECOS) was a 5-year investigation to assess treatment adherence among paediatric patients receiving GH via the easypod device. Secondary objectives included investigation of

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Clara Lundetoft Clausen Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

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Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Niels Erik Skakkebæk Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Hanne Frederiksen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Thomas Benfield Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Single-center, observational cohort study including patients hospitalized with COVID-19 at the Department of Infectious Diseases at Copenhagen University Hospital – Hvidovre – with archived biobank specimens as described earlier ( 12 , 13 ). Inclusion

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Clara Lundetoft Clausen Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

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Trine Holm Johannsen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Niels Erik Skakkebæk Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Hanne Frederiksen Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Camilla Koch Ryrsø Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Arnold Matovu Dungu Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark

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Maria Hein Hegelund Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark

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Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Rikke Krogh-Madsen Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Birgitte Lindegaard Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Allan Linneberg Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Line Lund Kårhus Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Thomas Benfield Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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studied hormone concentrations in patients with COVID-19 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), bacterial CAP, and influenza virus CAP and in healthy individuals. Methods The study was a multicentric prospective observational cohort study of patients

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Peter L Kristensen Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark

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Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Rikke Due-Andersen Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Lægerne på Ellemarksvej, Køge, Denmark

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Thomas Høi-Hansen Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark

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Lise Grimmeshave Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark

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Valeriya Lyssenko Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark
Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmø, Sweden

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Leif Groop Lund University Diabetes Centre, Skåne University Hospital, Malmø, Sweden
Finnish Institute for Molecular Medicine (FIMM), Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland

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Jens J Holst Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, The Panum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Allan A Vaag Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark

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Birger Thorsteinsson Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Endocrinology, Nordsjællands Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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tested in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes previously followed for one year in an observational prospective study of the occurrence of severe hypoglycaemia ( 14 ). We also explored if variants of the TCF7L2 gene influence the secretion of

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Dirk-Jan van Beek Department of Endocrine Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Rachel S van Leeuwaarde Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Carolina R C Pieterman Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Menno R Vriens Department of Endocrine Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Gerlof D Valk Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Parelsnoer Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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the DutchMEN Study Group
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. Considering the complexity of MEN1, a longitudinal database with a disease-specific framework was a necessity. Whereas strategies for conducting randomized controlled trials on rare diseases have been described, research methods for observational studies are

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Kristin Godang Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway

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Karolina Lundstam Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Charlotte Mollerup Clinic of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Center HOC, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Stine Lyngvi Fougner Department of Endocrinology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

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Ylva Pernow Departments of Molecular Medicine, Surgery and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden

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Jörgen Nordenström Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

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Thord Rosén Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Svante Jansson Department of Endocrine Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Mikael Hellström Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Jens Bollerslev Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

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Ansgar Heck Section of Specialized Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

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the SIPH Study Group
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disease. Treatment in overt PHPT is parathyroidectomy while the optimal management of mild or asymptomatic PHPT has been discussed for a long time. Observational studies have demonstrated an association of increased calcium levels and PHPT to

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Eng-Loon Tng Department of Medicine, Level 8, Tower A, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore

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Yee Sian Tiong Department of Medicine, Level 8, Tower A, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore

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Aye Thida Aung Department of Medicine, Level 8, Tower A, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore

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Nicole Ya Yuan Chong Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore

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Zhemin Wang Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore

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Interventional and observational studies reporting the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, or no therapy in people with TAF were eligible for inclusion. Interventional studies include non-randomized studies and RCTs. Observational

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Rolf Jorde Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

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Guri Grimnes Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

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, there was an almost linear relation between serum PTH and 25(OH)D in the serum 25(OH)D 25–150 nmol/L range ( 23 ). Our observational study adds to this multitude of thresholds or lack of such. In the males, the decrease in serum PTH in those with serum

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Sarah Byberg Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Futtrup Panum Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Mikkel Andreassen Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Krogh Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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selection Eligible studies were observational or randomized clinical trials assessing the effect of dopamine agonist treatment in patients with prolactinomas verified by MRI or CT scan. For inclusion, the studies should report on metabolic variables before

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