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Taís S Assmann Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Mariana Recamonde-Mendoza Institute of Informatics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Bianca M De Souza Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Daisy Crispim Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Postgraduation Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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with genetic and environmental risk factors ( 8 ). In this context, several microRNAs (miRNAs) are released in the circulation and might be used as biomarkers to evaluate health status and disease progression ( 2 ). miRNAs are a class of small

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Qiuyu Huang Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Hanshen Chen Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Fan Xu Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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Chao Liu Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, China

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Yafeng Wang Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Jinghong, Yunnan Province, China

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Weifeng Tang Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University Medical School, Jiangsu Province, China

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Liangwan Chen Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
Key Laboratory of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (Fujian Medical University), Fujian Province University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China

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could be implicated in development of T2DM ( 3 , 6 ). Accumulating case–control studies have focused on the important role of hereditary factors in the occurrence of T2DM, and individual’s genotype variants deserve a close look. MicroRNA (miR) is a

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Susanna Cirera
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Sophia G Moesgaard Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Nora E Zois Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Nathja Ravn Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Jens P Goetze Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Signe E Cremer Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Tom Teerlink Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Páll S Leifsson Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Jesper L Honge Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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J Michael Hasenkam Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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Lisbeth H Olsen Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Sciences, Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark

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metalloproteinases (MMPs), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) isoforms, NOS, and natriuretic peptides (7, 8, 9, 10) . Moreover, microRNAs have emerged as new players in many developmental and pathological processes, i.e. cardiac development and heart hypertrophy

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Bingbing Wang Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

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Mayra Cruz Ithier Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

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Nataliya Parobchak Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

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Stacy M Yadava Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

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Jay Schulkin Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA

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Todd Rosen Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey, USA

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of genomic loci associated with VDR stimulated by 1,25(OH)2D ( P  < 0.05). Number of genomic loci Chromosomes Non-coding RNA genes 1112 1–22, X, Y  MicroRNAs 542 1–22, X, Y  Others 570 1–22, X, Y

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Devis Pascut Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Trieste, Italy

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Sofia Tamini Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Silvia Bresolin Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Pablo Giraudi Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Trieste, Italy

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Giuseppe Basso Laboratory of Onco-Hematology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, University of Padova, Padova, Italy

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Alessandro Minocci Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Claudio Tiribelli Fondazione Italiana Fegato – ONLUS, Trieste, Italy

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Graziano Grugni Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Alessandro Sartorio Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Experimental Laboratory for Auxo-endocrinological Research, Milan and Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy

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Desgagné V Bouchard L Guérin R. microRNAs in lipoprotein and lipid metabolism: from biological function to clinical application . Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 2017 55 667 – 686 . ( https://doi.org/10.1515/cclm-2016-0575 ) 15 Shi C

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Anna-Pauliina Iivonen Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, Biomedicum Helsinki and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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Johanna Känsäkoski Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, Biomedicum Helsinki and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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Kirsi Vaaralahti Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, Biomedicum Helsinki and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

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Taneli Raivio Institute of Biomedicine/Physiology, Biomedicum Helsinki and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
New Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

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, present, and future . Endocrinology and Metabolism 2015 30 456 – 466 . ( https://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.456 ) 10.3803/EnM.2015.30.4.456 4 Ha M Kim VN . Regulation of microRNA biogenesis . Nature Reviews: Molecular Cell Biology 2014 15

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Pernille Bækgaard Udesen The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark
Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark

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Dorte Glintborg Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Anja Elaine Sørensen Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark

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Rikke Svendsen Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark

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Nanna Louise Skov Nielsen Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
Department of Clinical Immunology, Næstved Hospital, Næstved, Denmark

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Marie Louise Muff Wissing Aleris Hamlet Hospital Group, The Fertility Clinic, Søborg, Denmark

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Marianne Skovsager Andersen Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Anne Lis Mikkelsen Englund The Fertility Clinic, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark

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Louise Torp Dalgaard Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark

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extracellular microRNAs involved in type 2 diabetes and related pathologies? Clinical Biochemistry 2013 46 937 – 9 45 . ( https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2013.02.018 ) 23499584 9 Vienberg SG Björnholm M Chronic glucocorticoid treatment

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Lianghui You Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Yan Wang Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Yao Gao Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Xingyun Wang Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Xianwei Cui Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Yanyan Zhang Beijing Chaoyang Distirct Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China

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Lingxia Pang Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China

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Chenbo Ji Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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Xirong Guo Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Xia Chi Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

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regulators and elucidation of underlying molecular mechanisms might aid in full comprehension of the metabolic potential of brown adipocytes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of 21–24 nucleotide noncoding RNAs that control diverse biological

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T P McVeigh Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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R J Mulligan Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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U M McVeigh Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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P W Owens Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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N Miller Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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M Bell Department of Endocrinology, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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F Sebag Department of Endocrine Surgery Centre hospitalo-universitaire de La Conception, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France

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C Guerin Department of Endocrine Surgery Centre hospitalo-universitaire de La Conception, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France

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D S Quill Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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J B Weidhaas David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

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M J Kerin Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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A J Lowery Discipline of Surgery, Lambe Institute for Translational Research, School of Medicine, NUI Galway, Galway, Ireland

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( 14 ). However, it is possible that this association may be explained by overlapping moderate- or low-penetrance breast-thyroid cancer genetic susceptibility loci ( 15 ). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial elements in the regulation of gene expression

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E R Polina Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil

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F M Oliveira Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil

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R C Sbruzzi Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil

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D Crispim Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil

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L H Canani Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
Department of Internal Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil

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K G Santos Laboratory of Human Molecular Genetics, Universidade Luterana do Brasil (ULBRA), Canoas, Brazil
Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil

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volume containing 10 ng of the isolated RNA using a commercial kit according to the manufacturer’s protocol (TaqMan® MicroRNA RT; Thermo Fisher Scientific). Reactions were incubated in a standard thermal cycler (PTC-150; MJ Research, Waltham, USA) for 30

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