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Panisa Hantrakun Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Rattanaporn Sekararithi Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Thidarat Jaiwongkam Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center (CERT), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Sirinart Kumfu Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center (CERT), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Chatree Chai-adisaksopha Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Nipon Chattipakorn Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center (CERT), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Theera Tongsong Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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Phudit Jatavan Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

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, 19 ). MPV was significantly increased in pregnant women with GDM compared with healthy pregnant women ( 20 ). The pathogenesis for increased MPV in GDM has been suggested that insulin resistance is a major determinant of platelet activation which can

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Sigrid Bjerge Gribsholt Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Morten Schmidt Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Eskild Bendix Kristiansen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Bjørn Richelsen Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Henrik Toft Sørensen Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital and Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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altered heart structure ( 7 ). Despite the increase in obesity during the past decades ( 1 ), CVD mortality has declined in European countries and in the USA ( 12 , 13 ). This decrease might be attributable to improvements in other lifestyle factors

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Xiaobing Lu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Jiang Yue Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Qianjing Liu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Shengyun He Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Ying Dong Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Ming Zhang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Yicheng Qi Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Minglan Yang Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Wang Zhang Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Hua Xu Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Qing Lu Department of Radiology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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Jing Ma Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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studies in the future to draw any significant correlation of thigh muscle fat and IGR in individuals with obesity. Fourthly, lifestyle factors such as diet, physical activity, smoking and alcohol consumption or other confounding risk factors such as family

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Tsung-Hui Wu Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

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Guan-Yu Su Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan

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Tsung-Yun Liu Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan

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Hsiang-Tsui Wang Institute of Food Safety and Health Risk Assessment, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
PhD Program in Toxicology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan

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Chii-Min Hwu Section of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan

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://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinthera.2021.04.003 ) 17 Hwu CM Hsiao CF Kuo SW Wu KD Ting CT Quertermous T Rodriguez B Chen I Grove J Chen PY , Physical inactivity is an important lifestyle determinant of insulin resistance in hypertensive

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Hui-qing Yuan Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Jia-xi Miao Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Jia-ping Xu Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Su-xiang Zhu Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Feng Xu Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Xiao-hua Wang Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Chun-hua Wang Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Chao Yu Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Xue-qin Wang Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Jian-bin Su Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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Dong-mei Zhang Medical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital 2 of Nantong University, and First People’s Hospital of Nantong City, Nantong, China

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.566 a 0.053 Diabetic duration (years) 5 (1–10) 3 (3–8) 4 (1–4) 5 (1–10) 8 (2–10) 8.509 b <0.001 Glucose-lowering therapies  Lifestyle alone, n (%) 273 (10.4) 66 (8.8) 70 (8.6) 67 (12.0) 70 (13.5) 9.702 c 0

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Chengnan Guo Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yixi Xu Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yange Ma Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Xin Xu Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Fang Peng Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Hui-hui Li Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Dongzhen Jin Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Shu-zhen Zhao Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Zhezheng Xia Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Mengyuan Lai Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Mingzhu Che Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Ruogu Huang Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yanan Wang Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Depeng Jiang Department of Community Health Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada

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Chao Zheng The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Guangyun Mao Division of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China

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important chronic non-communicable disease, the likelihood of developing DR would be affected by a lot of factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, lifestyle and others. All these known or unknown confounders would modify the results

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Weiwei He School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Caoxin Huang Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Xiulin Shi Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Menghua Wu School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Han Li School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Qiuhong Liu School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Xiaofang Zhang Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Yan Zhao Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China

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Xuejun Li Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Diabetes, Xiamen, China
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Clinical Medical Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Xiamen Diabetes Prevention and Treatment Center, Xiamen, China

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living standards and changes in lifestyles, the incidence of NAFLD has been increasing worldwide, and it has become one of the most important causes of chronic liver dysfunction ( 2 , 3 ). NAFLD ranges from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic

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Yuan Huang Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Yunyun Hu The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China

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Bingshu Bao The Second People’s Hospital, Luqiao, Taizhou, Zhejiang, China

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://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyu058 ) 8 Rao G Powell-Wiley TM Ancheta I Hairston K Kirley K Lear SA North KE Palaniappan L Rosal MC & American Heart Association Obesity Committee of the Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health

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Chaiho Jeong Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Bongseong Kim Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Jinyoung Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hansang Baek Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Mee Kyoung Kim Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Tae-Seo Sohn Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Ki-Hyun Baek Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Ki-Ho Song Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hyun-Shik Son Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Kyungdo Han Department of Medical Statistics, Soongsil University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Hyuk-Sang Kwon Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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questionnaires on lifestyle and behavior), a medical care institution database, and death information. Dates of death were obtained from the database prepared by Statistics Korea. Study population From January 1, 2009, to December 31, 2012, a total of 2

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Chenyu Jiang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Mi Zhou Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Huai Bai Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Meng Chen Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Chunyi Yang Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Kaifeng Hu Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Yujie Wu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Qingqing Liu Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Yangyu Zhao Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China

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Xinghui Liu Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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Ping Fan Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China

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, sedentary lifestyles, and advanced maternal age, the incidence of GDM is increasing throughout the world ( 1 ). The prevalence of GDM varies in different populations and ethnicities, which is 14.7% in China ( 1 , 2 ). GDM has serious adverse effects on both

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