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Introduction The growth hormone (GH)–insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I axis is the principle endocrine system regulating linear growth in children ( 1 ). Linked to the nutritional status of the individual, GH is a potent stimulator of IGF-I
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treatment. In the 1990s, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3) was often used as an indicator of GH levels, particularly in children younger than 8 years, probably because of the difficulties at that time of measuring IGF-I at low
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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improve growth-related outcomes. The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis includes several signal and binding proteins, many of which are under the regulation of growth hormone. IGF-I is the primary regulator of fetal growth, and its circulating
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Section of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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factor I (IGF-I) and its major binding protein: insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP3). IGF-I and IGFBP3 were both measured by a chemiluminescence immunoassay on the IDS-iSYS automated platform (Immuno Diagnostic Systems, IDS) at the
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Research 1993 74 225 – 233. ( https://doi.org/10.1016/0165-3806(93)90008-X ) 19 Aberg ND Brywe KG Isgaard J. Aspects of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-I related to neuroprotection, regeneration, and functional plasticity in the
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
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hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 . Nature Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism 2007 3 302 – 310 . ( doi:10.1038/ncpendmet0427 ). 3 Kim JJ Accili D . Signalling through IGF-I and insulin receptors: where is the specificity? Growth Hormone
Hôpital de Cayenne, Service d’Endocrinologie et des Maladies Métaboliques, Cayenne, Guyane Française
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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://doi.org/10.1159/000493133 ) 12 Alberti C Chevenne D Mercat I Josserand E Armoogum-Boizeau P Tichet J Léger J . Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), IGF-1/IGFBP-3 ratio, and markers of
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Vascular Research Group, School of Community Based Medicine, Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, Cardiovascular Research Group, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Salford R&D, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medical, Human and Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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Vascular Research Group, School of Community Based Medicine, Centre for Integrated Genomic Medical Research, Cardiovascular Research Group, Endocrinology and Diabetes, Salford R&D, Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Faculty of Medical, Human and Life Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK
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mice is associated with persistent renal accumulation of insulin-like growth factor I . Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 1997 8 436 – 444 . 9 Park IS Kiyomoto H Alvarez F Xu YC Abboud HE Abboud SL . Preferential
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Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center – Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
Pediatric Genetics, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
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Shalom and VardaYoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel
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specific (genetic or other) defect can be recognized. Growth and developmental conditions under the umbrella of congenital insulin-like growth factor-1 ( IGF-1 ) deficiencies include: (i) growth hormone (GH) releasing hormone-receptor ( GHRH-R ) defect
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Kopchick JJ Liu YL Liu JL . Pancreatic islet-specific expression of an insulin-like growth factor-I transgene compensates islet cell growth in growth hormone receptor gene deficient mice . Endocrinology 2005 146 2602 – 2609 . ( doi:10.1210/en