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importance of insulin has been well established (6, 7) . In addition to its key role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis (8) , insulin and its receptor (INSR) are involved in the development of a number of metabolic conditions, including obesity and
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-resistant mice is associated with increased islet GLP1 receptor (GLP1R) protein levels. We then examined the potential to improve islet function and glucose tolerance in glucose-intolerant insulin-resistant mice through GPR119 activation by administering a
Department of Diabetes, Metabolism, and Endocrinology, Showa University School of Medicine, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan
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Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Leadership Centre for Diabetes, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Department of Pathology, Humber River Regional Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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that new concentrated glargine and biosimilar glargine would contribute to increasing the number of patients treated with glargine, the potential cancer-promoting effect of glargine requires more detailed investigation. Insulin receptor (IR) and
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, 15 , 16 ). However, the underlying molecular pathogenesis of insulin resistance in adult CG-IUGR is still unclear. The activation of canonical Wnt pathway begins with the binding to the frizzled receptors and its coreceptor LDL receptor
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, Nordsjællands University Hospital, Hillerød, Denmark
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Center for Neonatal Screening, Department of Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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resorption ( 6 ). Finally, we studied the expression of insulin receptors ( INSR ), insulin-like growth factor 1 receptors ( IGF1R ), and insulin-like growth factor 2 receptors ( IGF2R ) in the parathyroid gland on formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE
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also of great importance ( 2 ). Insulin interacts with receptors in the cell membrane. It thus stimulates signal transduction pathway. Insulin signaling molecules include insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), and
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to form a characteristic feature known as a crown-like structure (CLS) ( 8 ). M1 macrophages in adipose tissue are considered instigators of insulin resistance due to the secretion of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNFα ( 9 ). Chronic
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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pegvisomant both improve insulin sensitivity ( 6 ), glucose metabolism may improve or worsen when patients are treated with first-generation somatostatin receptor ligands (SRLs), octreotide and lanreotide ( 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ). Pasireotide is a somatostatin
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-CRB)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-CRB)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
Centre d’Investigation Clinique (CIC-CRB)-INSERM 1404, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen, France
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related to that of insulin ( Fig. 7A and B ). Consecutive pancreas sections were also treated with either the GPR103 antibodies or glucagon antibodies and the observations revealed that some glucagon-positive cells also expressed the 26RFa receptor ( Fig
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia
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insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function and subsequently glycaemic control. GLP-1 receptor agonists and dual hormone therapies have exhibited promising outcomes in those with T2D and obesity. Tirzepatide, a dual GLP-1 and GIP receptor agonist, has