Helle Keinicke
Helle Keinicke
Insulin and Device Trial Operations, Novo Nordisk A/S, Søborg, Denmark
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Gao Sun
Gao Sun
Pharmacology and Histopathology, Novo Nordisk A/S, China
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Caroline M Junker Mentzel
Caroline M Junker Mentzel
Department of Experimental Animal Models, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Merete Fredholm
Merete Fredholm
Department of Veterinary Clinical and Animal Science, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Linu Mary John
Linu Mary John
Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
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Birgitte Andersen
Birgitte Andersen
Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
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Kirsten Raun
Kirsten Raun
Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
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Marina Kjaergaard
Marina Kjaergaard
Global Obesity and Liver Disease Research, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv, Denmark
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hepatic inflammation ( 15 ). Another central question is whether the hepatic improvements by FGF21 are related directly or indirectly. The literature is controversial as direct signaling in hepatocytes in vitro ( 72 ) and liver in vivo ( 73 ) are
Frederique Van de Velde
Frederique Van de Velde
Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Marlies Bekaert
Marlies Bekaert
Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Anja Geerts
Anja Geerts
Department of Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Anne Hoorens
Anne Hoorens
Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital
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Arsène-Hélène Batens
Arsène-Hélène Batens
Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Samyah Shadid
Samyah Shadid
Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Margriet Ouwens
Margriet Ouwens
Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
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Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
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Yves Van Nieuwenhove
Yves Van Nieuwenhove
Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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Bruno Lapauw
Bruno Lapauw
Department of Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
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hepatic inflammation is the component most strongly associated with IR. Several pathophysiological processes might explain these findings. In obesity-related IR, diminished inhibition of hormone-sensitive lipase will lead to enhanced efflux of FFA from
Zhiwei Zhang
Zhiwei Zhang
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Hui Zhao
Hui Zhao
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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Aixia Wang
Aixia Wang
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liaocheng People’s Hospital, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
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and increasing hepatic glycogen contents. This finding is in agreement to previous reports on the effects of oleuropein in reducing blood glucose of other GDM models, such as alloxan-induced and obesity-induced diabetic rats ( 15 ). Inflammation and
Tatsuya Kondo
Tatsuya Kondo
Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Nobukazu Miyakawa
Nobukazu Miyakawa
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Sayaka Kitano
Sayaka Kitano
Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Takuro Watanabe
Takuro Watanabe
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Rieko Goto
Rieko Goto
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Mary Ann Suico
Mary Ann Suico
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Miki Sato
Miki Sato
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Yuki Takaki
Yuki Takaki
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Masaji Sakaguchi
Masaji Sakaguchi
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Motoyuki Igata
Motoyuki Igata
Department of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Junji Kawashima
Junji Kawashima
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hiroyuki Motoshima
Hiroyuki Motoshima
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Takeshi Matsumura
Takeshi Matsumura
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hirofumi Kai
Hirofumi Kai
Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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Eiichi Araki
Eiichi Araki
Department of Metabolic Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-Ward, Kumamoto, Japan
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electrical stimulation (MES) attenuates metabolic abnormalities such as glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, chronic inflammation, enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis, and steatosis in mouse models of diabetes as well as in patients with metabolic syndrome
Ling Zhou
Ling Zhou
Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Ruixue Zhang
Ruixue Zhang
Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Shuangyan Yang
Shuangyan Yang
Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Yaguang Zhang
Yaguang Zhang
Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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Dandan Shi
Dandan Shi
Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei, China
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-IV could effectively ameliorate GDM in genetic mouse model of GDM by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome in the pancreas ( 13 ). We also found that AS-IV remarkably reduced hepatic gluconeogenesis, hepatic inflammation and oxidative stress to alleviate GDM in
Huiyuan Zhai
Huiyuan Zhai
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Dongxu Wang
Dongxu Wang
Department of Geriatrics, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Yong Wang
Yong Wang
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Hongwei Gu
Hongwei Gu
Central Laboratory, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Juan Jv
Juan Jv
Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Liangliang Yuan
Liangliang Yuan
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Chao Wang
Chao Wang
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Leiyao Chen
Leiyao Chen
Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Affiliated with Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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precedes inflammation in the liver, indicating that the liver does not play a role in the initial development of metabolic inflammation. Moreover, hepatic inflammation is of lesser importance in the development of insulin resistance compared to adipose
Lena-Maria Levin
Lena-Maria Levin
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Henry Völzke
Henry Völzke
Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Greifswald, Germany
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DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
DZD (German Center for Diabetes Research), Greifswald, Germany
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Markus M Lerch
Markus M Lerch
Department of Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Jens-Peter Kühn
Jens-Peter Kühn
Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Institute and Policlinic for Radiology and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Carl-Gustav-Carus University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Institute and Policlinic for Radiology and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Carl-Gustav-Carus University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Matthias Nauck
Matthias Nauck
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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Nele Friedrich
Nele Friedrich
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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Stephanie Zylla
Stephanie Zylla
Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Greifswald, Germany
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Introduction In industrialized countries, the prevalence and incidence of hepatic steatosis have steadily increased over the past decades ( 1 ). Besides excessive alcohol consumption, obesity and other metabolic disorders have been frequently
Xu Chen
Xu Chen
Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Yi Tang
Yi Tang
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Shen Chen
Shen Chen
Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Wenhua Ling
Wenhua Ling
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Qing Wang
Qing Wang
Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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HFD mice To further confirm the expression of hub genes in the mice model, C57BL/6J mice were fed with HFD for 0, 4, and 8 weeks. H & E staining showed that HFD induced hepatic SS in mice without obvious inflammation ( Fig. 6A ). Moreover, hepatic TG
Karim Gariani
Karim Gariani
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
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François R Jornayvaz
François R Jornayvaz
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Nutrition and Therapeutic Patient Education, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Geneva, Switzerland
Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Diabetes Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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increased flux of hepatic FFAs induces the accumulation of TG, which cause mitochondrial dysfunction and ER stress. Intestinal permeability participates in the activation of hepatic inflammation and ER stress. Altogether these multiple parallel hits lead to
Xiaonan Guo
Xiaonan Guo
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wenjing Hu
Wenjing Hu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Xiaorui Lyu
Xiaorui Lyu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hanyuan Xu
Hanyuan Xu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Huijuan Zhu
Huijuan Zhu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hui Pan
Hui Pan
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Linjie Wang
Linjie Wang
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hongbo Yang
Hongbo Yang
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Fengying Gong
Fengying Gong
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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-characterized as a mediator of hepatic lipotoxicity ( 30 ). Accumulating evidence has revealed that palmitoyl acid can activate proapoptotic signaling and trigger oxidative stress, leading to hepatocellular death and hepatic inflammation during the progression of
