Department of Epidemiology St. Luke’s International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
Fujita Health University Toyoake, Japan
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Department of Epidemiology St. Luke’s International University Graduate School of Public Health, Tokyo, Japan
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. Although the association of diabetes with malignancies among diabetic patients compared to nondiabetic patients has been well evaluated, the differences in the incidence of malignancies among diabetic patients in terms of the level of glycemic control are
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was the first use of glucose range 80–110 mg/dL to define tight glycemic control (TGC), and then tight control of glycemic target became popular. Many researchers have made attempt to practice perioperative TGC with different upper level of glucose
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atherosclerosis in T1DM patients, which was primarily ascribed to the reduction in hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level ( 5 ). As the standard metric of glycemic control, the HbA1c level is ideally maintained as close to normal as possible for the purpose of reducing the
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Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
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Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
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cohort of nonpregnant adult patients with type 1 diabetes and to explore whether a similar association exists with mild and biochemical hypoglycemia and with glycemic control as indicated by HbA1c levels. Materials and methods The study is a post hoc
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Introduction Type 1 diabetes (T1D) and other chronic diseases are well recognized to adversely affect linear growth in childhood. Indeed, early studies have shown that suboptimal glycemic control and longer disease duration can impair
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Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Division of Laboratory Medicine, First Clinic of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa School of Medicine, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino – IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
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and compliance with achieving good glycemic control that minimizes the risk of diabetic complications, with a consequent increase in cardiovascular (CV) and neurological morbidities. In this review, based on the material searched for and obtained via
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, 7 , 8 ). These adverse pregnancy outcomes can be minimized by an optimized glycemic control ( 7 , 8 ). The recommended initial treatment is centered in lifestyle modifications, supported by an individualized medical nutrition therapy and a daily
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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( 4 ). Glycemic control is associated with disease activity ( 5 ), but the effects of GH-lowering therapy on glucose metabolism depend on the chosen therapeutic modality. Whereas pituitary surgery and treatment with the GH receptor antagonist
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develop overt diabetes mellitus later in life or 20 years later ( 4 ). Therefore, we hypothesize that women with GDM with high oxidative stress markers, even in the case of good glycemic control, may have a higher chance of developing DM type 2 later in
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Department of Internal Medicine, Albany Medical Center Hospital, Albany, New York, USA
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Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University NHS Hospital Trust, Liverpool, UK
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Gastroenterology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Institute of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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lower limb amputation ( 1 ). Recognized risk factors for DPN include poor glycemic control, obesity, hypertension and dyslipidemia ( 3 , 4 ). However, HbA1c provides limited insight into the short-term variations in blood glucose, which may affect nerve