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NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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NIHR/Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Facility, Addenbrookes Hospital, Cambridge, UK
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whether increasing energy expenditure through mild cold exposure is accompanied by an increase in appetite and food intake. Cold exposure is known to increase food and energy intake in a wide range of animal species, e.g., piglets, rats and birds ( 7 , 8
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Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Section of Endocrinology, Bogotá, Colombia
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questionnaire Dietary intake was assessed using a previously developed semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) with a 157-item food list ( 28 ). This list included foods eaten by no less than 30% of the Colombian population based on the results of
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
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knowledge, not been directly addressed. Notably, the abovementioned studies did not measure appetite and food intake, and thus, we hypothesized that levothyroxine substitution therapy – despite its REE-increasing effect – may induce mechanisms preserving or
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Medical Microbiology Department, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Physiology Department, College of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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the latter has become an increasingly recognized region involved in the control of food intake and energy balance. Abundant direct nerve projections are present between LPBN and hypothalamus or brainstem. Moreover, many feeding relevant peptides
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University Clinic of Medicine, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
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that modulates this circadian cortisol rhythm. The cortisol peak in response to food intake was first described in the 1970s and has been repeatedly reproduced in normal-weight subjects ( 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ). In lean populations, cortisol levels rise
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)D) concentrations and (ii) vitamin D intakes and food sources in nationally representative populations with appropriate consideration of sex, life-stage and ethnicity, and (iii) development of sustainable food-based strategies to bridge the gap between current and
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melanocortin receptors, MC3R and MC4R, with MC4R being the primary receptor mediating the metabolic action of melanocortins ( 28 , 29 ). On the other hand, the orexigenic AgRP and NPY peptides – both produced in AgRP neurons – increase food intake and decrease
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Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, Würzburg, Germany
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, the success of RYGB lies in changes of gut hormone levels relevant for food intake behavior. Elevated levels of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and oxyntomodulin were
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Department of Epidemiology, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
Department of Paediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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/or baseline ultrasound. A 41-item non-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was administered at baseline to estimate habitual maternal calcium and protein intake (Supplementary Method 1). Calcium intake was expressed in milligrams per day (mg
Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Committee on Molecular Pathogenesis and Molecular Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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significantly different between HFHSD- and HSD-fed mice ( Fig. 1E and F ). Taken together, these data suggest that TF does not modulate total food consumption. Figure 1 Caloric intake and TF exposure. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were provided a