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David Mark Robertson
David Mark Robertson
Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
School of Women’s & Children’s Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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School of Women’s & Children’s Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Chel Hee Lee
Chel Hee Lee
Clinical Research Support Unit, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Angela Baerwald
Angela Baerwald
Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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follicular phase. A recent independent study ( 7 ) was undertaken to characterise age-related changes in antral follicle dynamics and hormone production across the IOI. This study consisted of 26 women between the ages of 18 and 50 years. Serum FSH, LH
Lian Hollander-Cohen
Lian Hollander-Cohen
Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Benjamin Böhm
Benjamin Böhm
Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Krist Hausken
Krist Hausken
Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Berta Levavi-Sivan
Berta Levavi-Sivan
Department of Animal Sciences, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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brain culminate in a signal to the pituitary gland to release the gonadotropins (GTHs). The pituitary GTHs include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), and together are responsible for gametogenesis, steroidogenesis, protein
Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Trine Holm Johannsen
Trine Holm Johannsen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Margit Bistrup Fischer
Margit Bistrup Fischer
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Emmie N Upners
Emmie N Upners
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Alexander S Busch
Alexander S Busch
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Katharina M Main
Katharina M Main
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Anna-Maria Andersson
Anna-Maria Andersson
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Casper P Hagen
Casper P Hagen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Anders Juul
Anders Juul
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Introduction Luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), both produced in the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary gland, have recently been described as an excellent marker of sex when combined in the LH/FSH ratio
Eleftherios E Deiktakis
Eleftherios E Deiktakis
Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Eleftheria Ieronymaki
Eleftheria Ieronymaki
Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Peter Zarén
Peter Zarén
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Agnes Hagsund
Agnes Hagsund
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Elin Wirestrand
Elin Wirestrand
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Johan Malm
Johan Malm
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Christos Tsatsanis
Christos Tsatsanis
Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
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Ilpo T Huhtaniemi
Ilpo T Huhtaniemi
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, UK
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Imperial College London, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, London, UK
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Aleksander Giwercman
Aleksander Giwercman
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Malmö University Hospital, Reproductive Medicine Center, Malmö, Sweden
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Malmö University Hospital, Reproductive Medicine Center, Malmö, Sweden
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Yvonne Lundberg Giwercman
Yvonne Lundberg Giwercman
Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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(LH), a potential caveat is the rebound of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) after its initial suppression. In contrast, the recently introduced GnRH antagonists provide permanent suppression of both gonadotropins ( 2 ), which may offer a therapeutic
Agnieszka Adamska
Agnieszka Adamska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Paulina Tomczuk-Bobik
Paulina Tomczuk-Bobik
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Anna Beata Popławska-Kita
Anna Beata Popławska-Kita
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Katarzyna Siewko
Katarzyna Siewko
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Angelika Buczyńska
Angelika Buczyńska
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Piotr Szumowski
Piotr Szumowski
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Łukasz Żukowski
Łukasz Żukowski
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Janusz Myśliwiec
Janusz Myśliwiec
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
Monika Zbucka-Krętowska
Department of Gynecological Endocrinology and Adolescent Gynecology, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Marcin Adamski
Marcin Adamski
Faculty of Computer Science, Bialystok University of Technology, Białystok, Poland
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Adam Jacek Krętowski
Adam Jacek Krętowski
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Białystok, Poland
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hormonal markers, dynamic tests, and ultrasonographic (USG) parameters, for example, antral follicle count (AFC). Markers such as the serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), or inhibin B are relatively good
Maki Igarashi
Maki Igarashi
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Tadayuki Ayabe
Tadayuki Ayabe
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada
Kiwako Yamamoto-Hanada
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Keiko Matsubara
Keiko Matsubara
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Hatoko Sasaki
Hatoko Sasaki
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Mayako Saito-Abe
Mayako Saito-Abe
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Miori Sato
Miori Sato
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Nathan Mise
Nathan Mise
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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Akihiko Ikegami
Akihiko Ikegami
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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Masayuki Shimono
Masayuki Shimono
Regional Center for Pilot Study of Japan Environment and Children’s Study, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Reiko Suga
Reiko Suga
Regional Center for Pilot Study of Japan Environment and Children’s Study, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
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Shouichi Ohga
Shouichi Ohga
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Masafumi Sanefuji
Masafumi Sanefuji
Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Research Center for Environment and Developmental Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan
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Masako Oda
Masako Oda
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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Hiroshi Mitsubuchi
Hiroshi Mitsubuchi
Department of Neonatology, Kumamoto University Hospital, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, Japan
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Takehiro Michikawa
Takehiro Michikawa
Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Shin Yamazaki
Shin Yamazaki
Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Shoji Nakayama
Shoji Nakayama
Japan Environment and Children’s Study Programme Office, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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Yukihiro Ohya
Yukihiro Ohya
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Maki Fukami
Maki Fukami
Medical Support Center for Japan Environmental and Children’s Study, National Center for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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Department of Molecular Endocrinology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan
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, and DHEA-S were 0.092 pmol/L (0.025 pg/mL), 0.017 nmol/L (5 pg/mL), and 0.14 μmol/L (50 pg/mL), respectively. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) were measured using standard chemiluminescent enzyme immune
Yunting Lin
Yunting Lin
Department of Surgical Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Endi Song
Endi Song
Department of Internal Medicine, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Han Jin
Han Jin
Department of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Yong Jin
Yong Jin
Department of Internal Medicine, Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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postmenopausal women (with the decrease of E2 level and the increase of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels), the incidence of CVD events significantly increased, becoming similar to that in men ( 21 , 22 ). However, a growing
Mikkel Andreassen
Mikkel Andreassen
Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Anders Juul
Anders Juul
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
Department of Endocrinology, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Niels Jørgensen
Niels Jørgensen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Science, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Introduction The gonadotropins, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are released from the gonadotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. In men, the main target cells for LH are Leydig cells with subsequent
Clara Lundetoft Clausen
Clara Lundetoft Clausen
Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
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Trine Holm Johannsen
Trine Holm Johannsen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Niels Erik Skakkebæk
Niels Erik Skakkebæk
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hanne Frederiksen
Hanne Frederiksen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Camilla Koch Ryrsø
Camilla Koch Ryrsø
Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Arnold Matovu Dungu
Arnold Matovu Dungu
Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
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Maria Hein Hegelund
Maria Hein Hegelund
Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
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Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen
Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Rikke Krogh-Madsen
Rikke Krogh-Madsen
Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Birgitte Lindegaard
Birgitte Lindegaard
Department of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Nordsjælland, Hillerød, Denmark
Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Centre for Physical Activity Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Allan Linneberg
Allan Linneberg
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Line Lund Kårhus
Line Lund Kårhus
Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Copenhagen University Hospital – Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Anders Juul
Anders Juul
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Thomas Benfield
Thomas Benfield
Center of Research & Disruption of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital – Amager and Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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to 25% at age>70 years) ( 10 ). In this context, we studied concentrations of testosterone, estrone sulfate, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) among patients hospitalized with COVID-19, and their impact on mortality and
Xinyuan Zhang
Xinyuan Zhang
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Suiyan Li
Suiyan Li
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Hongwei Liu
Hongwei Liu
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Huai Bai
Huai Bai
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Qingqing Liu
Qingqing Liu
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Chunyi Yang
Chunyi Yang
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Ping Fan
Ping Fan
Laboratory of Genetic Disease and Perinatal Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), oxidative stress index (OSI), TT, estradiol (E 2 ), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), free androgen index (FAI), HDL-cholesterol (HDL
