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Wenqi Yang Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Ling Liu Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Yuan Wei Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Chunlu Fang Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Fu Zhou Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Jinbao Chen Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Qinghua Han Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Meifang Huang Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Xuan Tan Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Qiuyue Liu Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Qiang Pan Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Lu Zhang Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Xiaojuan Lei Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Liangming Li Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sports University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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the liver and adipose tissue ( 11 , 12 , 13 ). The beneficial effects of exercise on glucose homeostasis are well documented ( 14 ), and exercise has been shown to reduce adipogenesis, alleviate adipose tissue inflammation and improve the disturbed

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Yi Jia School of Health and Exercise, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Yanan Yang School of Health and Exercise, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Jing Qu School of Health and Exercise, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Lijun Yin School of Health and Exercise, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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Xiaohui Wang School of Health and Exercise, The Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China

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, the more severe syndromes the higher levels of chemerin. Our previous study found that as short as 4-week aerobic exercise plus dietary control could significantly reduce serum inflammatory factors and improve their glucose and lipid metabolism in

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Liangming Li Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Yuan Wei Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Chunlu Fang Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Shujing Liu Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Fu Zhou Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Ge Zhao Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Yaping Li Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Yuan Luo Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Ziyi Guo Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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Weiqun Lin Department of Clinical Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China

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Wenqi Yang Center for Scientific Research and Institute of Exercise and Health, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China
Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, China

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downregulate HIF-1α expression and reduce adipose tissue collagen levels ( 13 , 14 ). Regular exercise has long been considered as a cornerstone for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Population studies reveal that moderate exercise each week lowers the

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Lawrence D Hayes Active Ageing Research Group, Department of Medical and Sport Sciences, University of Cumbria, Lancaster, UK

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Peter Herbert School of Sport, Health and Outdoor Education, Trinity Saint David, University of Wales, Carmarthen, UK

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Nicholas F Sculthorpe Institute of Clinical Exercise and Health Science, University of the West of Scotland, Hamilton, UK

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Fergal M Grace Faculty of Health, Federation University, Victoria, Australia

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fitness can be achieved with exercise training in older adults ( 10 , 11 ), the potential of aging men to increase systemic testosterone through exercise is poorly understood. Whilst some authors have reported elevated total testosterone (TT) in highly

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Benjamin D Maylor Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK
Leicester Diabetes Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK

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Julia K Zakrzewski-Fruer Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK

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Charlie J Orton Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK

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Daniel P Bailey Institute for Sport and Physical Activity Research, School of Sport Science and Physical Activity, University of Bedfordshire, Bedford, UK
Centre for Physical Activity in Health and Disease, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK
Division of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge, UK

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prolonged sitting is not accompanied by a reduction in appetite and may thus contribute to excess energy intake and weight gain ( 7 ). It has consistently been demonstrated that moderate and high-intensity aerobic exercise performed in a single bout of

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Li Jing College of Physical Education, Chaohu University, Anhui Province, China

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Wang Chengji College of Physical Education, Chaohu University, Anhui Province, China

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factors including dyslipidemia, hypertension and cardiovascular disease ( 2 ), thus putting a severe burden on our global health care systems. Exercise plays a crucial role in the prevention and treatment of several chronic diseases, including glucose

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Nicolai Preisler Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Pascal Laforêt Centre de Référence de Pathologie Neuromusculaire Paris-Est, Institut de Myologie, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France

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Karen Lindhardt Madsen Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Edith Husu Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Christoffer Rasmus Vissing Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Gitte Hedermann Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Henrik Galbo Department of Inflammation Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Christopher Lindberg Department of Neurology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden

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John Vissing Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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progression rate and improves life expectancy, Pompe disease continues to be a progressive metabolic myopathy ( 3 , 4 ). Therefore, new treatments are continuously being investigated in Pompe disease. Exercise is one intervention, which has the potential to

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Jia Li Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Yan Zhao Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Caoxin Huang Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Zheng Chen Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Xiulin Shi Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Long Li Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China

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Zhong Chen Department of Electronic Science, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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Xuejun Li Xiamen Diabetes Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

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exercise. Several clinical trials have verified the benefit of exercise for NAFLD patients, including decreases in the intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content, weight, waist circumference, body fat and blood pressure ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). Moreover

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Xianghe Chen College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xinyu Zeng College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xiao Qiu College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Chi Liu College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Pengcheng Lu College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Ziming Shen College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Xiangxiang Zhou College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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Kang Yang Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital Affiliated to Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China

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their massive expression and deposition in the renal tubulointerstitium, causing excessive accumulation of ECM in the renal interstitium and resulting in fibrosis ( 9 , 10 , 11 ). Exercise is an important means to improve renal interstitial fibrosis

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Jing Li School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China

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Xuejie Yi Exercise and Health Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory Management Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Tao Li Exercise and Health Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory Management Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Tingting Yao School of Physical Education, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China

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Dongyang Li Exercise and Health Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory Management Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Guangxuan Hu Exercise and Health Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory Management Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Yongqi Ma Exercise and Health Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory Management Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Bo Chang Exercise and Health Research Center, Department of Kinesiology, Laboratory Management Center, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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Shicheng Cao Department of Sports Medicine, School of Public and Basic Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China

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( 1 ). BAT, which contains small intracellular lipid droplets and numerous mitochondria, is the primary organ for heat production. When the sympathetic nerves of the body are excited during exercise or in a low-temperature environment, WAT transforms

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