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The Working Group for Renaming Diabetes Insipidus
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Hiroshi Arima Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
Japan Endocrine Society

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Timothy Cheetham Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Newcastle University Faculty of Medical Sciences, Great North Children’s Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology

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Mirjam Christ-Crain Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
European Society of Endocrinology

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Deborah Cooper Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland

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Mark Gurnell European Society of Endocrinology
Wellcome-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge & Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK

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Juliana B Drummond Faculdade de Medicina da UFMG, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
Brazilian Society of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Miles Levy Endocrinology, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
Society for Endocrinology

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Ann I McCormack Hormones and Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Endocrine Society of Australia

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Joseph Verbalis Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC, District of Columbia, USA
Endocrine Society

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John Newell-Price Endocrine Society
Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK

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John A H Wass Department of Endocrinology, Oxford Centre for Diabetes Endocrinology & Metabolism – Endocrinology, Oxford, UK
Pituitary Society

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processes, leading to treatment errors and consequent adverse outcomes for patients. This last reason represents the major impetus to change the name of diabetes insipidus at this time. Historical context Before explaining the rationale for the name

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Liang Xue Fuzong Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Jianwu Wu Department of Neurosurgery, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Jie Chen Department of Radiology, 900TH Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Yongkai Yang Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Fuzhou First Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China

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Introduction Most pituitary adenomas (PAs) can be treated surgically using a transnasal approach; experienced clinicians can perform this surgical method effectively, ensuring safety for patients. However, diabetes insipidus (DI) is a common

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Beril Erdem Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

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Angela Schulz Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany

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Emel Saglar Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

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Ferhat Deniz Department of Endocrinology, SBÜ Sultan Abdülhamid Han Teaching Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey

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Torsten Schöneberg Rudolf Schönheimer Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany

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Hatice Mergen Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

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following an osmotic gradient ( 1 , 2 ). Disruption of the renal AVPR2/AQP2 pathway can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) characterized by the inability to concentrate urine ( 3 , 4 ). Patients have abnormally diluted and large volumes of urine

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Laura Potasso Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Julie Refardt Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Irina Chifu Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg Germany

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Martin Fassnacht Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg Germany
Central Laboratory, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany

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Wiebke Kristin Fenske Integrated Research and Treatment Center for Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig University Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany

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Mirjam Christ-Crain Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Introduction The hypertonic saline infusion test with continuous infusion of 3% NaCl has recently been put forward as a new test for the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI) ( 1 ). For other indications such as hemorrhagic and septic shock

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S E Baldeweg Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, University College London NHS Foundation Trust and Univeristy College London, London, UK

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S Ball Department of Medicine and Endocrinology, Manchester University Foundation Trust & Manchester Academic Health Science Centre Manchester, Manchester, UK

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A Brooke Royal Devon and Exeter NHS Foundation Trust, Exeter, UK

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H K Gleeson Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK

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M J Levy University of Leicester and University of Leicester Hospitals Trust, Leicester, UK

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M Prentice Croydon Health Services NHS Trust, Croydon, UK

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J Wass Department of Endocrinology, Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology & Metabolism, Oxford, UK

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the Society for Endocrinology Clinical Committee The Society for Endocrinology, Starling House, 1600 Bristol Parkway North, Bristol, UK

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Introduction Cranial diabetes insipidus (CDI) is due to the relative or absolute lack of the posterior pituitary hormone vasopressin (AVP), also known as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). AVP is the major determinant of renal water resorption. AVP

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M de Fost Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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S M Oussaada Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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E Endert Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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G E Linthorst Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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M J Serlie Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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M R Soeters Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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J H DeVries Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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P H Bisschop Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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E Fliers Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Laboratory of Endocrinology, Room F5‐164

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Introduction Polyuria (diuresis >3 l/day) in the absence of common causes, such as hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, or relief of urinary tract obstruction, can be caused by diabetes insipidus (DI) or primary polydipsia (PP, also referred to as

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Julie Refardt Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Clara Odilia Sailer Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Bettina Winzeler Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Matthias Johannes Betz Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Irina Chifu Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

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Ingeborg Schnyder Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Martin Fassnacht Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
Central Laboratory, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany

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Wiebke Fenske Department of Endocrinology and Nephrology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
Leipzig University Medical Center, IFB Adiposity Diseases, Leipzig, Germany

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Mirjam Christ-Crain Departments of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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for the CODDI-Investigators
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Introduction Polyuria polydipsia syndrome is a common problem in clinical practice with the two main entities being primary polydipsia and central diabetes insipidus ( 1 ). While the pathomechanism of central diabetes insipidus is well known

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Aida Javanbakht Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Massimo D’Apuzzo Department of Pathology, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Behnam Badie Department of Neurosurgery, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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Behrouz Salehian Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, California, USA

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adenomas, metastatic tumors, when detected, are more likely to be located in the posterior pituitary. This likely accounts for diabetes insipidus (DI) being more common in patients with Pit Met than patients with other pituitary pathology. The exact

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Amir H Zamanipoor Najafabadi Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Neurosurgery, University Neurosurgical Centre Holland (UNCH), Leiden University Medical Centre, Haaglanden Medical Centre and Haga Teaching Hospitals, Leiden and The Hague, The Netherlands

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Merel van der Meulen Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Ana Luisa Priego Zurita Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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S Faisal Ahmed Chair of Work Package of E-Health & ICT of Endo-ERN, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow and Office for Rare Conditions, Royal Hospital for Children & Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, UK

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Wouter R van Furth Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Evangelia Charmandari Pediatric Chair Main Thematic Group 6 Pituitary of Endo-ERN, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, First Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Medical School, ‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital, Athens, Greece

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Olaf Hiort Pediatric Chair and Deputy Coordinator of Endo-ERN, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany

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Alberto M Pereira Adult Chair and Coordinator of Endo-ERN, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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Mehul Dattani London Centre for Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes at Great Ormond Street Children's Hospital and University College London Hospitals, London, UK

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Diana Vitali SOD ITALIA (Italian Organization for Septo Optic Dysplasia and other Neuroendocrine Disorders), European Patient Advocacy Group, Rome, Italy

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Johan P de Graaf Dutch Pituitary Foundation, European Patient Advocacy Group, Nijkerk, The Netherlands

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Nienke R Biermasz Adult Chair Main Thematic Group 6 Pituitary of Endo-ERN, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands

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% (95% CI: 0–17). Transient diabetes insipidus was reported in 12% (95% CI: 6–21) and permanent diabetes insipidus in 4% (95% CI: 3–6). SIADH occurred in 6% (95% CI: 3–19). Mild epistaxis was reported in 3% (95% CI: 1–4%) and severe epistaxis in 2% (95

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Dan Liang Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Han Chen Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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Li-Yong Zhong Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

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diabetes insipidus (CDI): presentation of polyuria (>50 mL/kg d or 3.5 L/day) with elevated plasma osmolality (300 mOsm/kg H 2 O) and decreased urine osmotic pressure (<600 mOsmol/L) mOsm/kg H 2 O) and negative urine glucose. Impairment to hypothalamic

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