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processes, leading to treatment errors and consequent adverse outcomes for patients. This last reason represents the major impetus to change the name of diabetes insipidus at this time. Historical context Before explaining the rationale for the name
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Introduction Most pituitary adenomas (PAs) can be treated surgically using a transnasal approach; experienced clinicians can perform this surgical method effectively, ensuring safety for patients. However, diabetes insipidus (DI) is a common
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following an osmotic gradient ( 1 , 2 ). Disruption of the renal AVPR2/AQP2 pathway can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (NDI) characterized by the inability to concentrate urine ( 3 , 4 ). Patients have abnormally diluted and large volumes of urine
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Introduction The hypertonic saline infusion test with continuous infusion of 3% NaCl has recently been put forward as a new test for the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus (DI) ( 1 ). For other indications such as hemorrhagic and septic shock
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Introduction Cranial diabetes insipidus (CDI) is due to the relative or absolute lack of the posterior pituitary hormone vasopressin (AVP), also known as anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). AVP is the major determinant of renal water resorption. AVP
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Introduction Polyuria (diuresis >3 l/day) in the absence of common causes, such as hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, or relief of urinary tract obstruction, can be caused by diabetes insipidus (DI) or primary polydipsia (PP, also referred to as
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Introduction Polyuria polydipsia syndrome is a common problem in clinical practice with the two main entities being primary polydipsia and central diabetes insipidus ( 1 ). While the pathomechanism of central diabetes insipidus is well known
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adenomas, metastatic tumors, when detected, are more likely to be located in the posterior pituitary. This likely accounts for diabetes insipidus (DI) being more common in patients with Pit Met than patients with other pituitary pathology. The exact
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Centre for Endocrine Tumors, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Neurosurgery, University Neurosurgical Centre Holland (UNCH), Leiden University Medical Centre, Haaglanden Medical Centre and Haga Teaching Hospitals, Leiden and The Hague, The Netherlands
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% (95% CI: 0–17). Transient diabetes insipidus was reported in 12% (95% CI: 6–21) and permanent diabetes insipidus in 4% (95% CI: 3–6). SIADH occurred in 6% (95% CI: 3–19). Mild epistaxis was reported in 3% (95% CI: 1–4%) and severe epistaxis in 2% (95
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diabetes insipidus (CDI): presentation of polyuria (>50 mL/kg d or 3.5 L/day) with elevated plasma osmolality (300 mOsm/kg H 2 O) and decreased urine osmotic pressure (<600 mOsmol/L) mOsm/kg H 2 O) and negative urine glucose. Impairment to hypothalamic