Introduction The hypothalamopituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis tightly regulates cortisol secretion ( 1 ). Cortisol is secreted in a circadian rhythm with a brisk increase upon awakening and a nadir around midnight ( 1 ). Food is an external factor
Food-induced cortisol secretion is comparable in lean and obese male subjects
Patricia Arroyo Tardio, Gabriela Baldini, and Eleonora Seelig
Circadian rhythm of salivary cortisol, plasma cortisol, and plasma ACTH in end-stage renal disease
Hershel Raff and Hariprasad Trivedi
Introduction The measurement of salivary cortisol has emerged as a first-line test in the evaluation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis in humans and, in particular, for the diagnosis of endogenous hypercortisolism (Cushing
Higher urinary cortisol levels associate with increased cardiovascular risk
Andrea V Haas, Paul N Hopkins, Nancy J Brown, Luminita H Pojoga, Jonathan S Williams, Gail K Adler, and Gordon H Williams
role of both overt and non-overt hypercortisolism in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, much less is known about the CV effects of cortisol concentrations within the physiological range. While some studies have shown a link
Association between posttest dexamethasone and cortisol concentrations in the 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test
Bjørn O Åsvold, Valdemar Grill, Ketil Thorstensen, and Marit R Bjørgaas
Introduction The 1 mg overnight dexamethasone suppression test (DST) is a common initial test for endogenous Cushing's syndrome (1) . The principle of the test is that dexamethasone will suppress ACTH and cortisol secretion in healthy individuals
Ghrelin stimulation by hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis activation depends on increasing cortisol levels
I Azzam, S Gilad, R Limor, N Stern, and Y Greenman
, prolactin and cortisol ( 15 , 16 , 17 ). The stimulation of the HPA axis by ghrelin is exerted predominantly at the hypothalamic level ( 18 ) through vasopressin stimulation ( 19 ) and indirect activation of CRH neurons ( 20 , 21 ). Direct effects of
Interleukin-2 drives cortisol secretion in an age-, dose-, and body composition-dependent way
Ferdinand Roelfsema, Peter Y Liu, Rebecca Yang, Paul Takahashi, and Johannes D Veldhuis
that it may be useful as an immuno-neuroendocrine probe of adrenal function ( 5 ). Nonetheless, virtually all studies were uncontrolled and performed in patients with advanced cancer, in whom cortisol responses differ from those of healthy men ( 5 ). In
Impact of age, sex and body mass index on cortisol secretion in 143 healthy adults
Ferdinand Roelfsema, Diana van Heemst, Ali Iranmanesh, Paul Takahashi, Rebecca Yang, and Johannes D Veldhuis
inferences. Nonetheless, multivariate analysis also is unreliable in small cohorts ( 19 , 20 ). In addition, given the large concentration difference across the 24-h cycle and the marked pulsatility of cortisol, studies using a single sample, or a few blood
Midnight salivary cortisol secretion associated with high systolic blood pressure in type 1 diabetes
Eva Olga Melin, Magnus Hillman, and Mona Landin-Olsson
with T1D was 35%, almost twice as high as in the non-diabetic population ( 2 ). Several factors might contribute to the development of hypertension, such as increased cortisol secretion ( 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ), obesity ( 8 , 9 ), physical
Effects of mitotane treatment on human steroid metabolism: implications for patient management
L Ghataore, I Chakraborti, S J Aylwin, K-M Schulte, D Dworakowska, P Coskeran, and N F Taylor
patients treated with mitotane (9) . Patients with Cushing's syndrome receiving mitotane have shown decrease in the adrenal cortisol secretion rate over time but a faster clinical benefit, suggesting that cortisol bioavailability is also diminished (10
Validation of a novel automated system, Fluispotter®, for serial sampling of dried blood spots
Jesper Krogh, Peter Plomgaard, Ruth Frikke-Schmidt, Sten Velschow, Jesper Johannesen, Linda Maria Hilsted, Malene Schrøder, and Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
man-hours needed for serial sampling and minimizes the risks of sample loss, wrong timing, misidentification, and contamination. The volumetric DBS technology used in the Fluispotter has previously been tested ex vivo for cortisol assessment by
