Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Comprehensive Cancer Center Mainfranken, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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Department of Pathology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Department of Digestive and Endocrine Surgery, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Institute of Metabolism and System Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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Department of Endocrinology, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France
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proliferative genes, a CpG island hypermethylation, a ‘Noisy’ chromosome alteration profile – that is, numerous and anarchic alterations – and an accumulation of mutations in p53/Rb and Wnt/β-catenin-related genes. This subgroup is associated with very poor
Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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sex chromosome dosage alterations shape the genome and affect molecular pathways leading to the clinical phenotype of SCAs is still very limited. However, during the past decade, it has become clear that the molecular underpinnings of SCAs are complex
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Center of Innovation in Personalized Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Introduction Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most common chromosome aneuploidy in males (1:600 newborns). KS is predominantly caused by sex chromosome non-disjunction at meiosis I or II during maternal or paternal gametogenesis, and it is
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be identified, one which is characterised by loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of chromosome 18 as an early event and the other group which has no alterations of chromosome 18 and shows clustered gains on chromosomes 4, 5, 7, 14 and 20 ( 11 , 12 , 13
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signals that specify sex-specific development of sex organs or endocrine function. The term disorders of sex development (DSD) embraces all the medical conditions characterized by an atypical chromosomal, gonadal, or phenotypical sex (1) . Thus, a wide
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Klinefelter syndrome earlier than at present. Summary and conclusions Men and women who have sex chromosome aneuploidies have a number of alterations in their HPG axes (reviewed in ( 3 )) and bio-behavioral development (reviewed in ( 77 )). In
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Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Introduction Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is the most frequent chromosome disorder in men ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ) and the most common genetic cause of male infertility ( 5 ) It has an estimated frequency of 1:500 to 1:1000 men, with a median
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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, 79 ) and slightly decreased IQ ( 80 ). Also an increased referral to psychiatric treatment has been found ( 81 ). A survey for sex-chromosome alterations among patients with schizophrenia found a four- to five-fold excess of patients with Klinefelter
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determined by AR gene methylation analysis for both populations. X chromosomal inactivation could conceivably alter effective AR CAG repeat length and thus modulate androgen action in any given androgen target cell. We therefore analyzed allele
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Center for Regenerative Medicine and Skeletal Development, Department of Reconstructive Sciences, University of Connecticut School of Dental Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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implicated as a driver oncogene via the discovery of a chromosome 11 rearrangement in PTA ( 2 , 3 , 4 ), in which the promoter for the parathyroid hormone gene ( PTH ) is juxtaposed to the coding region of CCND1 and thus drives its overexpression in a