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). Earlier studies on effects of HT in trans people focused on bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition. These studies found an increase in lean body mass in transmen and a decrease in lean body mass in transwomen ( 4 , 5 ). BMD increased in both
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Segal E . Risk factors for low bone density in inflammatory bowel disease: use of glucocorticoids, low body mass index, and smoking . Digestive Diseases 2019 37 284 – 290 . ( https://doi.org/10.1159/000496935 ) 17 Bischoff-Ferrari HA
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increased in postmenopausal women. However, no significant trend was observed in premenopausal women. Table 2 The distributions of bone mass density stratified by quartiles of systemic immune-inflammation index. Characteristics a Overall
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increased risk of fracture, due to alterations in bone density and bone quality ( 19 ). Osteoporosis in subjects with KS: definition and prevalence Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the standard technique to measure bone mineral density (BMD
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( 1 ). During this period, bone mineral density (BMD) acquisition is critical for adult bone mass accrual and skeletal formation; therefore, ensuring adequate Ca intake is critical to acquire a greater peak bone mass to prevent osteoporosis during
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.001), and the same could be said for male patients ( Fig. 2B-2 ; FL group: 25.22 ± 3.13 kg/m 2 vs non-FL group: 23.52 ± 3.02 kg/m 2 , P < 0.001). Figure 2 Body weight, body mass index (BMI), and bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine and hip in
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acquaintance with Jamer's dynamometer and an average of three measurements was taken as the final reading as kilogram force. Bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), total body fat (TBF), and lean body mass (LBM) were calculated by dual-energy X
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glucocorticoid replacement therapy in AI ( 13 ). Recent data, however, suggest that prednisolone is deleterious for bone mineral density in AI ( 17 , 19 , 33 , 34 ). Few comparative data with hydrocortisone for additional steroid-dependent end points are
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found an overall rate of 14% ( 8 ). Despite their frequency, the literature is notable for almost exclusively studies of retrospective design, with a sparsity of bone density data and conventional fracture risk assessment. In the only prospective study
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Bjarnason R Wirént L Albertsson-Wikland K Bosaeust L Bengtsson BA Johannsson G . Currently used growth-promoting treatment of children results in normal bone mass and density. A prospective trial of discontinuing growth hormone treatment in