Merlin C Thomas
Merlin C Thomas
Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Brendon L Neuen
Brendon L Neuen
The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Stephen M Twigg
Stephen M Twigg
The University of Sydney School of Medicine, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Department of Endocrinology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Mark E Cooper
Mark E Cooper
Department of Diabetes, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Sunil V Badve
Sunil V Badve
The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Department of Renal Medicine, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Department of Renal Medicine, St George Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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enormous health, societal and economic burden associated with CKD demands that some priority should be given to the prevention and treatment of CKD in people with T2D. Sodium‐glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have recently emerged as an
Yuka Goto
Yuka Goto
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yoshie Otsuka
Yoshie Otsuka
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kenji Ashida
Kenji Ashida
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Ayako Nagayama
Ayako Nagayama
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nao Hasuzawa
Nao Hasuzawa
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Shimpei Iwata
Shimpei Iwata
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kento Hara
Kento Hara
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Munehisa Tsuruta
Munehisa Tsuruta
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Nobuhiko Wada
Nobuhiko Wada
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Seiichi Motomura
Seiichi Motomura
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Yuji Tajiri
Yuji Tajiri
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Kurume Medical Center, Kokubu-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Masatoshi Nomura
Masatoshi Nomura
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Asahi-machi, Kurume-city, Fukuoka, Japan
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Introduction Sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors exert plasma glucose-lowering effects via urinary glucose excretion. Recent clinical trials have shown the various beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibitors, including reductions in
Zhenyu Liu
Zhenyu Liu
Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
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Huixi Kong
Huixi Kong
Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China
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Baoyu Zhang
Baoyu Zhang
Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China
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mechanisms mainly include metformin, thiazolidinediones (TZDs) α-glucosidase inhibitors, and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). The formation of serum uric acid (SUA) is the ribose 5-phosphate, a pentose derived from glycidic metabolism
Xinge Tao
Xinge Tao
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Yanbin Xue
Yanbin Xue
Computer Net Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Rui Niu
Rui Niu
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Wenjing Lu
Wenjing Lu
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Huayan Yao
Huayan Yao
Computer Net Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chunmei He
Chunmei He
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Bin Cui
Bin Cui
Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Changqin Liu
Changqin Liu
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Diabetes Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Xiamen Key Laboratory for Clinical Efficacy and Evidence-Based Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Diabetes Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, School of medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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), sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2-i). Figure 1 Sex-specific difference in glucose-lowering medicine prescription. Glucose-lowering drug prescriptions of patients with T2DM at their first visit to the hospital are presented as percent
Katrine M Lauritsen
Katrine M Lauritsen
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Jens Hohwü Voigt
Jens Hohwü Voigt
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Steen Bønløkke Pedersen
Steen Bønløkke Pedersen
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Troels K Hansen
Troels K Hansen
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Niels Møller
Niels Møller
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Niels Jessen
Niels Jessen
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Lars C Gormsen
Lars C Gormsen
Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Esben Søndergaard
Esben Søndergaard
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Introduction Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are effective antidiabetic agents with remarkable cardiovascular benefits ( 1 ). Even though SGLT2 inhibitors primarily exert their pharmacological effect in the kidneys, the
Espen Nordheim
Espen Nordheim
Department of Transplantation Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Trond Geir Jenssen
Trond Geir Jenssen
Department of Transplantation Medicine, Section of Nephrology, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Metabolic and Renal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø
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Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Metabolic and Renal Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT- The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø
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beneficial effects in patients with kidney disease beyond the blood-glucose lowering effect: receptor agonists of the glucagon-like protein 1 receptor (GLP-1 RA) and inhibitors of sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2 (SGLT2i). In secondary analyses of the SAVOR
Punith Kempegowda
Punith Kempegowda
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Eka Melson
Eka Melson
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Agnes Johnson
Agnes Johnson
College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Lucy Wallett
Lucy Wallett
College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Lucretia Thomas
Lucretia Thomas
College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Dengyi Zhou
Dengyi Zhou
College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Catherine Holmes
Catherine Holmes
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Agata Juszczak
Agata Juszczak
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Mohammed Ali Karamat
Mohammed Ali Karamat
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Sandip Ghosh
Sandip Ghosh
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Wasim Hanif
Wasim Hanif
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
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Parth Narendran
Parth Narendran
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Srikanth Bellary
Srikanth Bellary
University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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School of Life and Health Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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negative (eight T1DM, three T2DM), and one pre-COVID (T2DM) had hypertension as a comorbidity. Six patients in COVID-positive and one person in COVID-negative group were on SGLT2 inhibitors; none of the people in the pre-COVID period were on this class of
Zeeshan Javed
Zeeshan Javed
Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Knowledge City, Lahore, Pakistan
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Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Knowledge City, Lahore, Pakistan
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Maria Papageorgiou
Maria Papageorgiou
Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Leigh A Madden
Leigh A Madden
School of Life Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Alan S Rigby
Alan S Rigby
Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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Eric S Kilpatrick
Eric S Kilpatrick
Department of Pathology, Sidra Medical and Research Center, Doha, Qatar
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Stephen L Atkin
Stephen L Atkin
Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Al Sayh, Bahrain
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Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
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treatment with exenatide resulted in reductions in serum ICAM-1, p-selectin and e-selectin, although no pronounced changes were seen in endothelial function ( 25 ). Empagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitor used in the treatment
Clemens Kamrath
Clemens Kamrath
Center of Child and Adolescent Medicine, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany
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Alexander Eckert
Alexander Eckert
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Birgit Rami-Merhar
Birgit Rami-Merhar
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Sebastian Kummer
Sebastian Kummer
Department of General Pediatrics, Neonatology and Pediatric Cardiology, Heinrich Heine University, Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Martin Wabitsch
Martin Wabitsch
Center for Rare Endocrine Diseases, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
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Katharina Laubner
Katharina Laubner
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Medicine II, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Florian Kopp
Florian Kopp
Forth Clinical Department of Medicine, Academic Teaching Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Silvia Müther
Silvia Müther
Center for Pediatric Diabetology, DRK-Kliniken-Berlin Westend, Berlin, Germany
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Steffen Mühldorfer
Steffen Mühldorfer
Department for Gastroenterology, Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Bayreuth University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Bayreuth, Germany
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Reinhard W Holl
Reinhard W Holl
German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Munich-Neuherberg, Germany
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
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.0 4.0 4.8 ns ns 0.002 ns SGLT2 inhibitors 0.3 4.5 4.0 7.1 ns ns <0.001 ns Lipid-lowering drugs 6.9 28.3 28.0 19.1 0.001 ns ns ns Statins 6.4 26.4 8.0 16.7 ns ns ns ns
Chunliang Yang
Chunliang Yang
Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Junyi Li
Junyi Li
Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Fei Sun
Fei Sun
The Center for Biomedical Research, Tongji Hospital Research Building, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Haifeng Zhou
Haifeng Zhou
Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Jia Yang
Jia Yang
Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Chao Yang
Chao Yang
Department of Gerontology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
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enteral glucose absorption (alpha-glucosidase inhibitors) and increasing renal glucose excretion (SGLT-2 inhibitors). When mono-drug therapy fails, various combinations of drug administration are required for different clinical conditions. In worsened
