Sirazum Choudhury
Sirazum Choudhury
Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Tricia Tan
Tricia Tan
Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Katharine Lazarus
Katharine Lazarus
Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Karim Meeran
Karim Meeran
Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, Commonwealth Building, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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-fold increase in mortality when associated with adrenal insufficiency ( 8 ). Taken together, these data suggest that the mortality gap in hypoadrenalism is not just limited to primary disease. Possible causes of the mortality gap The cause of the
Salem A Beshyah
Salem A Beshyah
Department of Medicine, Dubai Medical College, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic, Mediclinic Airport Road Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Diabetes and Endocrine Clinic, Mediclinic Airport Road Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Khawla F Ali
Khawla F Ali
Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Medical University of Bahrain, Adliya, Bahrain
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Hussein F Saadi
Hussein F Saadi
Department of Endocrinology, Medical Subspecialties Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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–10 hypoadrenal patients per year, while 22.1% see 11–25 patients per year ( Table 3 ). Most respondents (78.6%) prescribed hydrocortisone, while the minority prescribed other preparations for replacement therapy ( Table 3 ). The glucocorticoid doses were
Thabiso R P Mofokeng
Thabiso R P Mofokeng
Department of Medicine, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Salem A Beshyah
Salem A Beshyah
Department of Medicine, Dubai Medical College, Duabi, United Arab Emirates
Department of Endocrinology, Mediclinic Airport Road Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Department of Endocrinology, Mediclinic Airport Road Hospital, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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Fazleh Mahomed
Fazleh Mahomed
Department of Medicine, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Kwazi C Z Ndlovu
Kwazi C Z Ndlovu
Department of Medicine, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
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Ian L Ross
Ian L Ross
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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survey, manage patients with hypoadrenalism (Supplementary Appendix 1). The respondents were mostly non-endocrine specialists (48.8%) and primary care doctors (33.3%) and the minority (17.6%) were specialist endocrinologists. The proportion who identified
Saroj Kumar Sahoo
Saroj Kumar Sahoo
Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
Division of Endocrinology, Mid and South Essex NHS Trust, Broomfield, UK
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Division of Endocrinology, Mid and South Essex NHS Trust, Broomfield, UK
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Jayakrishnan C Menon
Jayakrishnan C Menon
Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Nidhi Tripathy
Nidhi Tripathy
Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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Monalisa Nayak
Monalisa Nayak
Department of Liver Intensive Care Unit, King’s College Hospital, London, UK
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Subhash Yadav
Subhash Yadav
Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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patients with severe COVID-19 by reducing the impact of cytokine storm. Glucocorticoids could also have improved the outcome by addressing the underlying COVID-19-induced hypoadrenalism, at least in a subset of patients. Screening of patients with COVID-19
Angelica Sharma
Angelica Sharma
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Katharine Lazarus
Katharine Lazarus
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Deborah Papadopoulou
Deborah Papadopoulou
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Hemanth Prabhudev
Hemanth Prabhudev
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Tricia Tan
Tricia Tan
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North West London Pathology, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North West London Pathology, London, UK
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Karim Meeran
Karim Meeran
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
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Sirazum Choudhury
Sirazum Choudhury
Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North West London Pathology, London, UK
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Department of Endocrinology, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, North West London Pathology, London, UK
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insufficiency. Discussion This is the largest dataset of prednisolone pharmacokinetics in patients with hypoadrenalism and demonstrates that once-daily very-low-dose prednisolone is a safe and effective glucocorticoid replacement therapy. Dose
Nidan Qiao
Nidan Qiao
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Haixia Cheng
Haixia Cheng
Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China
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Zhaoyun Zhang
Zhaoyun Zhang
Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China
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Hongying Ye
Hongying Ye
Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China
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Ming Shen
Ming Shen
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Xuefei Shou
Xuefei Shou
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Xiaoyun Cao
Xiaoyun Cao
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Hong Chen
Hong Chen
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Shanghai, China
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Xiang Zhou
Xiang Zhou
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Yongfei Wang
Yongfei Wang
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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Yao Zhao
Yao Zhao
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Neurosurgery, Shanghai, China
Neurosurgical Institute of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
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.9%) 20 (71.4%) 7 (63.6%) 2 (16.7%) 0.005 Pre-operative endocrine assessment Hypothyroidism 16 (32.4%) 9 (32.1%) 3 (26.3%) 4 (33.3%) 1.000 Hypoadrenalism 15 (29.4%) 6 (21.4%) 4 (36.4%) 5 (41.7%) 0
C E Higham
C E Higham
Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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A Olsson-Brown
A Olsson-Brown
The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre, Bebbington, Wirral, UK
The University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, UK
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The University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, UK
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P Carroll
P Carroll
Department of Endocrinology, Guy’s & St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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T Cooksley
T Cooksley
Department of Acute Medicine, UHSM and Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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J Larkin
J Larkin
Skin Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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P Lorigan
P Lorigan
Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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D Morganstein
D Morganstein
Department of Endocrinology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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P J Trainer
P J Trainer
Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
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the Society for Endocrinology Clinical Committee
the Society for Endocrinology Clinical Committee
The Society for Endocrinology, Starling House, 1600 Bristol Parkway North, Bristol, UK
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, mineralocorticoid replacement (fludrocortisone) may be needed once daily glucocorticoid dose is below 50 mg hydrocortisone/24 h or equivalent. This is not required for hypophysitis and other causes of secondary hypoadrenalism. A short Synacthen test may be
Filippo Ceccato
Filippo Ceccato
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Elisa Selmin
Elisa Selmin
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Giorgia Antonelli
Giorgia Antonelli
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Mattia Barbot
Mattia Barbot
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience DNS, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Andrea Daniele
Andrea Daniele
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Marco Boscaro
Marco Boscaro
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Mario Plebani
Mario Plebani
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Laboratory Medicine, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Carla Scaroni
Carla Scaroni
Department of Medicine DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Endocrine Disease Unit, University-Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy
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and Metabolism 2008 93 4245 – 4253 . ( https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2008-0710 ) 5 Crowley RK Argese N Tomlinson JW Stewart PM . Central hypoadrenalism . Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2014 99 4027 – 4036 . ( https
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Łukasz Kluczyński
Łukasz Kluczyński
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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). Since hypoadrenalism is potentially life-threatening, hormone replacement therapy should be introduced immediately. It should be noted that cortisolemia may be affected by drugs (i.e. etomidate, propofol) that were administered in the intensive care
M S Elston
M S Elston
Department of Endocrinology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
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Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
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V B Crawford
V B Crawford
Department of Endocrinology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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M Swarbrick
M Swarbrick
Department of Radiology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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M S Dray
M S Dray
Department of Pathology, Waikato Hospital, Hamilton, New Zealand
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M Head
M Head
Department of Oncology, Tauranga Hospital, Tauranga, New Zealand
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J V Conaglen
J V Conaglen
Waikato Clinical Campus, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand
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adrenal blockade and watch for the development of hypoadrenalism ( 10 ). In a multicentre study of 195 patients including 37 patients with EAS, where 164 patients received metyrapone monotherapy, biochemical monitoring showed improvement in all cases with
