Bushra Shahida
Bushra Shahida
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Tereza Planck
Tereza Planck
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Tania Singh
Tania Singh
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
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Peter Åsman
Peter Åsman
Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Ophthalmology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Mikael Lantz
Mikael Lantz
Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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antigen-presenting cells including dendritic cells, monocytes, and B lymphocytes. Upon encountering antigen-presenting cells, T lymphocytes undergo proliferation, differentiating into distinct phenotypes. While some evolve into effector T lymphocytes
Xuechao Jiang
Xuechao Jiang
Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Yonghui Wang
Yonghui Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xiaoying Li
Xiaoying Li
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Leqi He
Leqi He
Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Qian Yang
Qian Yang
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wei Wang
Wei Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Jun Liu
Jun Liu
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bingbing Zha
Bingbing Zha
Department of Endocrinology, Fifth People’s Hospital of Shanghai Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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hyperthyroidism ( 4 , 5 ). B cells are the source of pathognomonic activating autoantibodies (TRAb) against TSHR in GD ( 6 , 7 ). B cells also present antigens to T cells ( 8 ). Although B cells are essential for GD pathogenesis, little is known regarding the
Erika Peverelli
Erika Peverelli
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Federica Ermetici
Federica Ermetici
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Sabrina Corbetta
Sabrina Corbetta
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Ettore Gozzini
Ettore Gozzini
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Laura Avagliano
Laura Avagliano
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Marco A Zappa
Marco A Zappa
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Gaetano Bulfamante
Gaetano Bulfamante
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Paolo Beck-Peccoz
Paolo Beck-Peccoz
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Anna Spada
Anna Spada
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Giovanna Mantovani
Giovanna Mantovani
Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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are expressed in fat cells (11, 12) . Targeted disruption of the Prkar2b gene in mice leads to stable alterations in energy storage and utilization, resulting in a lean phenotype (13) . It has been reported that human adipose tissue exhibits
Lianghui You
Lianghui You
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yan Wang
Yan Wang
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Yao Gao
Yao Gao
Department of Endocrinology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Xingyun Wang
Xingyun Wang
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Xianwei Cui
Xianwei Cui
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Yanyan Zhang
Yanyan Zhang
Beijing Chaoyang Distirct Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
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Lingxia Pang
Lingxia Pang
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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Chenbo Ji
Chenbo Ji
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Xirong Guo
Xirong Guo
Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Xia Chi
Xia Chi
Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Institute of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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lentivirus (miR-23b-5p, viral titre, 1 × 10 8 TU/mL) in 1 mL DMEM culture medium mixed with 5 µg/mL Polybrene (Sigma-Aldrich). After a 24-h infection, the pre-adipocytes were placed in a fresh medium. Adipogenic induction was performed until the cells
Zhaoxiang Liu
Zhaoxiang Liu
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Mingqiang Zhang
Mingqiang Zhang
Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Xiaohu Shi
Xiaohu Shi
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Wenhui Zhao
Wenhui Zhao
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Chenxiang Cao
Chenxiang Cao
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Lixia Jin
Lixia Jin
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Yanlei Wang
Yanlei Wang
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Jianzhong Xiao
Jianzhong Xiao
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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of autoimmune diseases by suppressing effector T cells and B cells ( 6 ). The immunosuppressive mechanisms employed by Tregs include the expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) to suppress costimulation, consumption of interleukin-2
A Daniel Bird
A Daniel Bird
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Spencer Greatorex
Spencer Greatorex
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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David Reser
David Reser
Department of Physiology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Gareth G Lavery
Gareth G Lavery
Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, 2nd Floor IBR Tower, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
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Timothy J Cole
Timothy J Cole
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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common laboratory rodent models makes characterisation of these new genes much more difficult and loss-of-functional analysis almost impossible. We have therefore extended our understanding of HSD11B1L expression, and tissue and cell localisation by
Agnieszka Adamska
Agnieszka Adamska
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Aleksandra Maria Polak
Aleksandra Maria Polak
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Anna Krentowska
Anna Krentowska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Agnieszka Łebkowska
Agnieszka Łebkowska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Justyna Hryniewicka
Justyna Hryniewicka
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Monika Leśniewska
Monika Leśniewska
Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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Irina Kowalska
Irina Kowalska
Department of Internal Medicine and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University of Białystok, Białystok, Poland
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a P < 0.05. BMI, body mass index; FAI, free androgen index; FLI, fatty liver index; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HOMA-B, homeostatic model assessment β cell function; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; LAP, lipid
Konstantin Yakimchuk
Konstantin Yakimchuk
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
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Chandrashekar Bangalore Revanna
Chandrashekar Bangalore Revanna
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
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Dan Huang
Dan Huang
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
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Jose Inzunza
Jose Inzunza
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
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Sam Okret
Sam Okret
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition Karolinska Institutet, Neo, Huddinge, Sweden
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, in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), it was shown that the poorer survival rate in males vs females was mainly seen before women entered the menopause ( 11 ). In addition, an association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and number of pregnancies
Robert I Menzies
Robert I Menzies
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Xin Zhao
Xin Zhao
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Linda J Mullins
Linda J Mullins
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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John J Mullins
John J Mullins
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Carolynn Cairns
Carolynn Cairns
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Nicola Wrobel
Nicola Wrobel
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Donald R Dunbar
Donald R Dunbar
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Matthew A Bailey
Matthew A Bailey
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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Christopher J Kenyon
Christopher J Kenyon
The University/BHF Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, Edinburgh, UK
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with known but ill-defined links to steroidogenesis. The function of others ( Gucalb, Fam161a ) has yet to be defined. Figure 2 Heat maps showing expression genes involved in cell signalling that are upregulated (A) and downregulated (B) by ACTH
Elena Pardi
Elena Pardi
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Stefano Mariotti
Stefano Mariotti
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Natalia S Pellegata
Natalia S Pellegata
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Katiuscia Benfini
Katiuscia Benfini
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Simona Borsari
Simona Borsari
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Federica Saponaro
Federica Saponaro
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Liborio Torregrossa
Liborio Torregrossa
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Antonello Cappai
Antonello Cappai
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Chiara Satta
Chiara Satta
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Marco Mastinu
Marco Mastinu
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Claudio Marcocci
Claudio Marcocci
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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Filomena Cetani
Filomena Cetani
Endocrine Unit 2, Endocrinology Unit, Institute of Pathology, Department of Surgical, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa, Italy
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percentage of cells showing specific nuclear staining. Transfection studies The CDKN1B mutation identified in the proband by sequencing was introduced by site-directed mutagenesis (Quikchange II Site-Directed Mutagenesis Kit, Stratagene, La Jolla, CA, USA
