Jülide Durmuşoğlu
Jülide Durmuşoğlu
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Henri J L M Timmers
Henri J L M Timmers
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Pepijn van Houten
Pepijn van Houten
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Johan F Langenhuijsen
Johan F Langenhuijsen
Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Ad R M M Hermus
Ad R M M Hermus
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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Annenienke C van de Ven
Annenienke C van de Ven
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
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hormone-specific symptoms and signs in patients ( 9 ). The most common clinical presentation of functional ACC is Cushing’s syndrome ( 9 , 10 , 11 ). Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a potential fatal complication ( 12 ). One might expect a high
M Cherenko
M Cherenko
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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N M Appelman-Dijkstra
N M Appelman-Dijkstra
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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A L Priego Zurita
A L Priego Zurita
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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N R Biermasz
N R Biermasz
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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O M Dekkers
O M Dekkers
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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F A Klok
F A Klok
Department of Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
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N Reisch
N Reisch
Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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A Aulinas
A Aulinas
Department of Endocrinology, Fundacio de Gestio Sanitaria Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IR-SantPau and CIBERER Unit 747 (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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B Biagetti
B Biagetti
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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S Cannavo
S Cannavo
Endocrine Unit, University Hospital AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
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L Canu
L Canu
University Hospital Florence Careggi, Florence, Italy
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M Detomas
M Detomas
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
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F Devuyst
F Devuyst
Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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H Falhammar
H Falhammar
Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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R A Feelders
R A Feelders
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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F Ferrau
F Ferrau
Endocrine Unit, University Hospital AOU Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
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F Gatto
F Gatto
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genova, Genoa, Italy
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C Grasselli
C Grasselli
Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, AUSL-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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P van Houten
P van Houten
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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C Hoybye
C Hoybye
Department of Endocrinology, Karolinska University Hospital and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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A M Isidori
A M Isidori
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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A Kyrilli
A Kyrilli
Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles, Hôpital Erasme, Brussels, Belgium
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P Loli
P Loli
Division of Endocrinology, San Raffaele Vita-Salute University, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Milan, Italy
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D Maiter
D Maiter
Department of Endocrinology, Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc – UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
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E Nowak
E Nowak
Department of Medicine IV, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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R Pivonello
R Pivonello
Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Diabetologia, Andrologia e Nutrizione, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
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O Ragnarsson
O Ragnarsson
Sahlgrenska Academy, Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, Institute of Medicine (O.R.), University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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R V Steenaard
R V Steenaard
Department of Internal Medicine, Máxima MC, Veldhoven, Netherlands
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N Unger
N Unger
University Hospital Essen, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Essen, Germany
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A van de Ven
A van de Ven
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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S M Webb
S M Webb
Department of Endocrinology, Fundacio de Gestio Sanitaria Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IR-SantPau and CIBERER Unit 747 (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
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D Yeste
D Yeste
Pediatric Endocrinology Service, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. CIBER Enfermedades Raras, Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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S F Ahmed
S F Ahmed
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
University of Glasgow, Office for Rare Conditions, Glasgow, UK
University of Glasgow, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
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University of Glasgow, Office for Rare Conditions, Glasgow, UK
University of Glasgow, Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
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A M Pereira
A M Pereira
Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Amsterdam University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
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%) 41 (59.4%) 10 (83.3%) 154 (69.3%) Surgery: n (%) 133 (94.3%) 64 (92.8%) 7 (58.3%) 204 (91.9%) CSI, Cushing severity index; VTE, venous thromboembolism. One hundred forty-one patients had Cushing’s disease (64
Agata Hanna Bryk-Wiązania
Agata Hanna Bryk-Wiązania
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Mari Minasyan
Mari Minasyan
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Introduction Cushing’s syndrome (CS) is a rare disease with an incidence ranging from 0.7 to 2.4 per million people per year ( 1 ). In contrast, venous thromboembolism (VTE), which includes pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep-vein thrombosis (DVT
Simon Chang
Simon Chang
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Christian Fynbo Christiansen
Christian Fynbo Christiansen
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Anders Bojesen
Anders Bojesen
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Svend Juul
Svend Juul
Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
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Anna-Marie B Münster
Anna-Marie B Münster
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark and Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Claus H Gravholt
Claus H Gravholt
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus N, Denmark
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(interquartile range) 22.0 (22.0–22.0) 22.0 (22.0–22.0) – Venous thromboembolism (VTE) All VTE events ( n (%)) a 38 (3.3) 964 (0.9) – Events pr. 10,000 person-years (95% CI) 17.0 (12.4–23.4) 4.3 (4.0–4.6) 3.95 (2
Malin Nylander
Malin Nylander
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Signe Frøssing
Signe Frøssing
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Caroline Kistorp
Caroline Kistorp
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Jens Faber
Jens Faber
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
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Sven O Skouby
Sven O Skouby
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Herlev Gentofte Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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endothelial dysfunction, which is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) ( 4 ). PCOS is associated with both CVD and venous thromboembolism (VTE). A recent meta-analysis found an odds ratio of 1.44 (1.13–1.84) for coronary heart
Marc Blondon
Marc Blondon
Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Emmanuel Biver
Emmanuel Biver
Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Olivia Braillard
Olivia Braillard
Division of Primary Care Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Marc Righini
Marc Righini
Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Pierre Fontana
Pierre Fontana
Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Alessandro Casini
Alessandro Casini
Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Introduction Thrombosis, collectively including ischemic heart disease, stroke and venous thromboembolism (VTE), causes more than one in four deaths worldwide ( 1 ). Venous thromboembolism itself is among the largest contributor of loss of
Emmanuelle Noirrit
Emmanuelle Noirrit
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Mélissa Buscato
Mélissa Buscato
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
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Marion Dupuis
Marion Dupuis
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
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Bernard Payrastre
Bernard Payrastre
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Toulouse, France
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CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Toulouse, France
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Coralie Fontaine
Coralie Fontaine
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
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Jean-François Arnal
Jean-François Arnal
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
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Marie-Cécile Valera
Marie-Cécile Valera
Inserm U1048 (I2MC), CHU de Toulouse and Université Toulouse III, I2MC, Toulouse, France
Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Université de Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
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therapy (HRT) has been associated with adverse effects such as an increased incidence of breast cancer and thromboembolic events ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). Venous thromboembolism events (VTEs), which encompasses deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism
Laura P B Elbers
Laura P B Elbers
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Marije Wijnberge
Marije Wijnberge
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Laboratory of Experimental Intensive Care and Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Joost C M Meijers
Joost C M Meijers
Department of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Plasma Proteins, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Dennis C W Poland
Dennis C W Poland
Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Dees P M Brandjes
Dees P M Brandjes
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Eric Fliers
Eric Fliers
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Victor E A Gerdes
Victor E A Gerdes
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Center Slotervaart, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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.5–37.2) 0.10 27.8 (23.5–31.1) Currently smoking b ( n ) 4 0.51 11 1.00 6 Medical history Cardiovascular disease c ( n ) 11 0.68 18 0.77 12 Venous thromboembolism b ( n ) 2 0.49 2 0.52 0
Simon Chang
Simon Chang
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Internal Medicine, Lillebaelt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
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Arkadiusz J Goszczak
Arkadiusz J Goszczak
NanoSYD, The Mads Clausen Institute, University of Southern Denmark, Sønderborg, Denmark
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Anne Skakkebæk
Anne Skakkebæk
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Jens Fedder
Jens Fedder
Centre of Andrology and Fertility Clinic, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Anders Bojesen
Anders Bojesen
Department of Clinical Genetics, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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M Vakur Bor
M Vakur Bor
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Moniek P M de Maat
Moniek P M de Maat
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Haematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
Department of Haematology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Claus H Gravholt
Claus H Gravholt
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Anna-Marie B Münster
Anna-Marie B Münster
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hospital of South West Jutland, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Introduction The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among men born with Klinefelter syndrome (KS, 47,XXY) overall is increased more than four-fold ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). In particular, the relative risk of VTE in KS compared with the background
Lukas Ochsner Ridder
Lukas Ochsner Ridder
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Agnethe Berglund
Agnethe Berglund
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Clinical Genetics and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Genetics and Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Kirstine Stochholm
Kirstine Stochholm
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Simon Chang
Simon Chang
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Claus H Gravholt
Claus H Gravholt
Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine and Medical Research Laboratories, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Unit for Thrombosis Research, Hospital of South West Jutland and University of Southern Denmark, Esbjerg, Denmark
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explained by an increased incidence of diseases of the circulatory system ( 12 , 66 , 67 ). For instance, men with KS present an up to eight-fold increased risk of death due to venous thromboembolisms (VTEs) compared to the male background population ( 68
