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Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland

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Łukasz Kluczyński Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland

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Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Endocrinology Department, University Hospital in Krakow, Krakow, Poland

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Introduction and epidemiology Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is commonly defined as any brain pathology caused by an external force. TBI, sometimes referred to as a ‘silent epidemic’, affects about 69 million people each year, occurs commonly in

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0117
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Lára Ósk Eggertsdóttir Claessen Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Emergency Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport, and Health (PAPESH) Research Centre, Sports Science Department, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland

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María Kristín Jónsdóttir Mental Health Services, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Sigrún Helga Lund deCODE Genetics, Inc/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Ingunn Unnsteinsdóttir Kristensen Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Helga Ágústa Sigurjónsdóttir Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland

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Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is divided into mild (mTBI), moderate (moTBI), and severe (sTBI) injury. The most common is mTBI ( 1 ) which is caused by mechanical force being transmitted to the brain by a blow to the head, neck or

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0363
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 2
Open access
Rachel K Rowe Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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Benjamin M Rumney BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK

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Hazel G May BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, UK

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Paska Permana Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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P David Adelson BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, USA

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S Mitchell Harman Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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Jonathan Lifshitz Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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Theresa C Thomas Phoenix Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
BARROW Neurological Institute at Phoenix Children’s Hospital, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
Department of Child Health, University of Arizona College of Medicine – Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona, USA

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Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability throughout the world with few pharmacological treatments for the individuals who suffer from lifelong neurological symptoms associated with TBI. Brain injuries

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0031
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 4
Open access
H A Booij Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands

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W D C Gaykema Roessingh Rehabilitation Center, Enschede, the Netherlands

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K A J Kuijpers Roessingh Rehabilitation Center, Enschede, the Netherlands

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M J M Pouwels Department of Endocrinology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands

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H M den Hertog Department of Neurology, Medisch Spectrum Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands

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articles on PD after aneurysmatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the association with fatigue, since the mechanism of PD in these other acute acquired brain injuries might be similar as in stroke. A better understanding

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0147
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 6
Open access
Yongli Fu Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yaowu Sun Higher Education Research and Teaching Quality Assessment Center, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Jiankun Zhang Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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Yu Cheng Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, People’s Republic of China

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/L Achieved blood glucose level, mmol/L Outcomes included in meta-analysis Wang et al. 2017 Surgical 88 Traumatic brain injury TG 46.7; CG 45.1 19.3 6 months Both groups: insulin infusion NA CG: <11.11 TG: 4.4–6.1 NA

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0393
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 12
Open access
Guillem Cuatrecasas Endocrinology Department, Hospital Quiron-Teknon, CPEN S.L., Barcelona, Spain
Universitat Oberta Catalunya (UOC), Barcelona, Spain

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Hatice Kumru Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain

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M Josep Coves Endocrinology Department, Hospital Quiron-Teknon, CPEN S.L., Barcelona, Spain

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Joan Vidal Institut Guttmann, Institut Universitari de Neurorehabilitació Adscrit a la UAB, Barcelona, Spain
Univ Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
Fundació Institut d’Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol, Barcelona, Spain

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area, transient GHD was reported following traumatic brain injury and subarachnoid hemorrhage. Around 25% of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients remain with persistent GHD after 1 year, and this accounts for their cognitive and rehabilitation outcomes

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0296
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 10
Open access
Kevin C J Yuen Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States

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Gudmundur Johannsson Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Ken K Y Ho The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

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Bradley S Miller Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, M Health Fairview Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

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Ignacio Bergada Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Alan D Rogol Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

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central incisor   Lymphoma   Cleft lip/palate   Metastases/hematological malignancy  Acquired causes   Other   Perinatal insults  Brain injury   Traumatic brain injury   Sports-related head trauma

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0504
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 7
Open access
Charlotte Höybye Department of Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Metabolism and Diabetology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Metabolism and Diabetology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

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Erik Wahlström Department of Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Metabolism and Diabetology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

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Petra Tollet-Egnell Department of Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Metabolism and Diabetology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

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Gunnar Norstedt Department of Endocrinology, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Metabolism and Diabetology, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden

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Pituitary apoplexi M 59 3 −0.7 28.2 100 IGF1, insulin-like growth factor 1; NFPA, non-functioning pituitary adenomas; TBI, traumatic brain injury. Healthy controls At baseline, the patients with GHD were compared with ten age- and gender-matched healthy

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0098
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 4
Open access
Arno Téblick Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Lies Langouche Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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Greet Van den Berghe Clinical Division and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

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estrogens in several animal models of critical illness, including traumatic brain injury and hemorrhagic shock, well-designed human studies are lacking ( 74 , 75 ). Studies on the use of androgens in prolonged critical illness failed to demonstrate any

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0318
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 8
Open access
Zhou-Qing Kang Department of Nursing, Jin Qiu Hospital of Liaoning Province, Geriatric Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Jia-Ling Huo Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jin Qiu Hospital of Liaoning Province, Geriatric Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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Xiao-Jie Zhai Department of Nursing, Jin Qiu Hospital of Liaoning Province, Geriatric Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China

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.1016/j.jescts.2016.05.007 ) 43 Wang Y Li JP Song YL Zhao QH. Intensive insulin therapy for preventing postoperative infection in patients with traumatic brain injury: a randomized controlled trial . Medicine 2017 96 e6458 . ( https://doi.org/10

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0231
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 12
Open access