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Bledar Daka
Bledar Daka
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Thord Rosen
Thord Rosen
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Per Anders Jansson
Per Anders Jansson
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Lennart Råstam
Lennart Råstam
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Charlotte A Larsson
Charlotte A Larsson
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ulf Lindblad
Ulf Lindblad
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Social Medicine and Global Health, University of Gothenburg, PO Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Introduction Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a circulating plasma globulin binding sex hormones, both oestradiol and testosterone and is produced primarily by the liver. In two recent studies, SHBG could predict type 2 diabetes (T2D) in
Shenglong Le
Shenglong Le
Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Leiting Xu
Leiting Xu
Medical School, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
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Moritz Schumann
Moritz Schumann
Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Na Wu
Na Wu
Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Timo Törmäkangas
Timo Törmäkangas
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
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Markku Alén
Markku Alén
Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
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Sulin Cheng
Sulin Cheng
Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
The Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine, Ministry of Education, and Exercise Translational Medicine Center, Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Petri Wiklund
Petri Wiklund
Exercise, Health and Technology Centre, Department of Physical Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Introduction Sex steroids are important regulators of pubertal development and their biological action is governed by sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) ( 1 ). Serum SHBG levels rise from birth to early childhood, then decline in early
M Boering
M Boering
Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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P R van Dijk
P R van Dijk
Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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S J J Logtenberg
S J J Logtenberg
Diakonessenhuis, Department of Internal Medicine, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
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K H Groenier
K H Groenier
Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Department of General Practice, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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B H R Wolffenbuttel
B H R Wolffenbuttel
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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R O B Gans
R O B Gans
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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N Kleefstra
N Kleefstra
Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Langerhans Medical Research group, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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H J G Bilo
H J G Bilo
Isala, Diabetes Centre, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Isala, Department of Internal Medicine, Zwolle, The Netherlands
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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suggested to influence several extra-glycemic, metabolic, and endocrinological parameters, such as the sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG). SHBG is a glycoprotein produced in the liver, which regulates the bioavailability of sex steroids for target tissues
Kristin Ottarsdottir
Kristin Ottarsdottir
Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Margareta Hellgren
Margareta Hellgren
Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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David Bock
David Bock
Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Anna G Nilsson
Anna G Nilsson
Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Bledar Daka
Bledar Daka
Primary Health Care, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Introduction Sex hormone-binding globulin is a glycoprotein traditionally known as a carrier protein for sex hormones in both men and women. Cross-sectional and prospective epidemiological cohort studies have demonstrated that low levels of
Florian Schederecker
Florian Schederecker
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
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Alexander Cecil
Alexander Cecil
Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Cornelia Prehn
Cornelia Prehn
Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
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Jana Nano
Jana Nano
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
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Wolfgang Koenig
Wolfgang Koenig
Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Jerzy Adamski
Jerzy Adamski
Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Genetik, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Tanja Zeller
Tanja Zeller
Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Germany
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Annette Peters
Annette Peters
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
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German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich, Munich, Germany
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Barbara Thorand
Barbara Thorand
Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München – German Research Center for Environmental Health (GmbH), Neuherberg, Germany
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, justifying our main analysis. Figure 1 Splines of SHBG and androgen concentrations: all-cause mortality in men. SHBG, sex hormone-binding globulin; TT, total testosterone; cFT, calculated free testosterone; DHT, dihydrotestoterone; E2, Estradiol
Yael Sofer
Yael Sofer
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nava Nevo
Nava Nevo
Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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Michal Vechoropoulos
Michal Vechoropoulos
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Gabi Shefer
Gabi Shefer
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Etty Osher
Etty Osher
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Nathan Landis
Nathan Landis
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Karen Tordjman
Karen Tordjman
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Geoffrey L Hammond
Geoffrey L Hammond
Departments of Cellular & Physiological Sciences and Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Naftali Stern
Naftali Stern
Institute of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Hypertension, Tel Aviv-Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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work was supported by the Sagol Foundation for the Metabolic Syndrome Research Center at TASMC and by Dr Sofer’s TASMC research grant for excellence in research. References 1 Hammond GL. Diverse roles for sex hormone-binding globulin in
Luca Boeri
Luca Boeri
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Paolo Capogrosso
Paolo Capogrosso
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Walter Cazzaniga
Walter Cazzaniga
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Edoardo Pozzi
Edoardo Pozzi
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Luigi Candela
Luigi Candela
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Federico Belladelli
Federico Belladelli
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Davide Oreggia
Davide Oreggia
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Eugenio Ventimiglia
Eugenio Ventimiglia
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Nicolò Schifano
Nicolò Schifano
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Giuseppe Fallara
Giuseppe Fallara
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Marina Pontillo
Marina Pontillo
Laboratory Medicine Service, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Costantino Abbate
Costantino Abbate
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Emanuele Montanari
Emanuele Montanari
Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Francesco Montorsi
Francesco Montorsi
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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Andrea Salonia
Andrea Salonia
Division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology, URI, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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to low-affinity proteins (primarily albumin but also transcortin and orosomucoid) or to the high-affinity glycoprotein sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) ( 2 ). These binding proteins have potential clinical relevance since they influence both tissue
Stephen J Winters
Stephen J Winters
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Charles R Scoggins
Charles R Scoggins
Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Duke Appiah
Duke Appiah
Department of Public Health, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Dushan T Ghooray
Dushan T Ghooray
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Introduction Sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) is a 90–100 kDa homodimeric glycoprotein that transports testosterone and other steroids in the blood plasma, reduces their metabolic clearance, and regulates their access to target tissues ( 1
M P Schuijt
M P Schuijt
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Slingeland Hospital, Doetinchem, The Netherlands
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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C G J Sweep
C G J Sweep
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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R van der Steen
R van der Steen
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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A J Olthaar
A J Olthaar
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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N M M L Stikkelbroeck
N M M L Stikkelbroeck
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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H A Ross
H A Ross
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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A E van Herwaarden
A E van Herwaarden
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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and Metabolism 1981 53 58 – 68 . ( https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-53-1-58 ) 10.1210/jcem-53-1-58 16 Hong H Branham WS Ng HW Moland CL Dial SL Fang H Perkins R Sheehan D Tong W . Human sex hormone-binding globulin binding affinities of 125
Ulla Schmidt
Ulla Schmidt
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Birte Nygaard
Birte Nygaard
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Ebbe Winther Jensen
Ebbe Winther Jensen
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Jan Kvetny
Jan Kvetny
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Anne Jarløv
Anne Jarløv
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Jens Faber
Jens Faber
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Endocrine Unit, Department of Medicine, Endocrine Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine O, Herlev University Hospital, Herlev Ringvej, DK-2730 Herlev, Denmark
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known to be sensitive to changes in thyroid function, were studied (10, 11, 12, 13) . The markers include sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) representing liver function, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) representing cardiac function
