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result in testosterone deficiency at some point ( 6 , 7 ). However, little is known about how and when deterioration of semen quality occurs in these patients. Previous studies have primarily examined semen quality in prolactinoma patients with
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Introduction Human semen quality is declining in many parts of the world, and this has recently been confirmed by a comprehensive meta-analysis showing declining sperm counts in North America, Europe, Australia and New Zealand over the last
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Section of Biostatistics, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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of which some were prepubertal at last follow-up), the follow-up times were limited (median age at last follow-up 14–19 years), and importantly, none of the studies included semen quality data. Moreover, no previous studies have investigated pubertal
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Background
We describe the phenotypic spectrum and timing of diagnosis and management in a large series of patients with disorders of sexual development (DSD) treated in a single pediatric tertiary center.
Methods
DSD patients who had visited our tertiary center during the survey period (between 2004 and 2014) were identified based on an ICD-10 inquiry, and their phenotypic and molecular genetic findings were recorded from patient charts.
Results
Among the 550 DSD patients, 53.3% had 46,XY DSD; 37.1% had sex chromosome DSD and 9.6% had 46,XX DSD. The most common diagnoses were Turner syndrome (19.8%, diagnosed at the mean age of 4.7 ± 5.5 years), Klinefelter syndrome (14.5%, 6.8 ± 6.2 years) and bilateral cryptorchidism (23.1%). Very few patients with 46,XY DSD (7%) or 46,XX DSD (21%) had molecular genetic diagnosis. The yearly rate of DSD diagnoses remained stable over the survey period. After the release of the Nordic consensus on the management of undescended testes, the age at surgery for bilateral cryptorchidism declined significantly (P < 0.001).
Conclusions
Our results show that (i) Turner syndrome and Klinefelter syndrome, the most frequent single DSD diagnoses, are still diagnosed relatively late; (ii) a temporal shift was observed in the management of bilateral cryptorchidism, which may favorably influence patients’ adulthood semen quality and (iii) next-generation sequencing methods are not fully employed in the diagnostics of DSD patients.
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focused on this effect and reported the effect of RAI on sex hormones and semen quality parameters in male DTC patients ( 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 14 ), the sample size of single studies is small, and the differences between studies are large. To
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Serviço de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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induces poor semen quality up to the fourth generation (86) . ED exposure in pregnant females can directly cause detrimental effects in the next two generations through the foetus and its germline, which is already formed. Only adverse effects in the
Department of Urology, Foundation IRCCS Ca’ Granda – Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
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YJ Chen L Ge YF , et al . Body mass index, waist-to-hip ratio, waist circumference and waist-to-height ratio cannot predict male semen quality: a report of 1231 subfertile Chinese men . Andrologia 2015 47 1047 – 1054 . ( https
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International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Department of Clinical Experimental Research, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Hansen AM Rod NH , et al . Association of sleep disturbances with reduced semen quality: a cross-sectional study among 953 healthy young Danish men . American Journal of Epidemiology 2013 177 1027 – 1037 . ( https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kws420
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Laboratory of Biometry, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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Division of Pneumology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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. Kathmandu University Medical Journal 2013 11 18 – 21 . 10 He J Cui J Wang R Gao L Gao X Yang L Zhang Q Cao J Yu W. Exposure to hypoxia at high altitude (5380 m) for 1 year induces reversible effects on semen quality and serum reproductive hormone
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:10.1038/nrc2174 ). 63 Chavarro JE Toth TL Wright DL Meeker JD Hauser R . Body mass index in relation to semen quality, sperm DNA integrity, and serum reproductive hormone levels among men attending an infertility clinic . Fertility and
