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, 10 , 11 ). In brief, invitation letters were sent to 6030 residents aged 60 years or older in the Weitang town based on official records. Older adults were excluded if he or she had migrated from the residing address, lived in the town less than 6
Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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poor indicator of fat distribution, especially in older adults. High BMI is associated with better survival and cognition in older adults ( 4 , 5 , 6 ). Waist circumference (WC) reflects central obesity (CO), which is a risk factor for adverse
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University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT TIROL), Tirol, Austria
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Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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and quality of life ( 2 ). It also increases the risk of falls and leads to higher healthcare costs and mortality risk ( 3 , 4 , 5 ). Primary sarcopenia has been estimated to affect between 6% and 22% of older adults, making it a major public health
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Department of Health & Life Sciences, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Department of Health & Life Sciences, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Skeletal muscle wasting is a serious disorder associated with health conditions such as aging, chronic kidney disease and AIDS. Vitamin D is most widely recognized for its regulation of calcium and phosphate homeostasis in relation to bone development and maintenance. Recently, vitamin D supplementation has been shown to improve muscle performance and reduce the risk of falls in vitamin D deficient older adults. However, little is known of the underlying molecular mechanism(s) or the role it plays in myogenic differentiation. We examined the effect of 1,25-D3 on myogenic cell differentiation in skeletal muscle derived stem cells. Primary cultures of skeletal muscle satellite cells were isolated from the tibialis anterior, soleus and gastrocnemius muscles of 8-week-old C57/BL6 male mice and then treated with 1,25-D3. The efficiency of satellite cells isolation determined by PAX7+ cells was 81%, and they expressed VDR. Incubation of satellite cells with 1,25-D3 induces increased expression of: (i) MYOD, (ii) MYOG, (iii) MYC2, (iv) skeletal muscle fast troponin I and T, (v) MYH1, (vi) IGF1 and 2, (vii) FGF1 and 2, (viii) BMP4, (ix) MMP9 and (x) FST. It also promotes myotube formation and decreases the expression of MSTN. In conclusion, 1,25-D3 promoted a robust myogenic effect on satellite cells responsible for the regeneration of muscle after injury or muscle waste. This study provides a mechanistic justification for vitamin D supplementation in conditions characterized by loss of muscle mass and also in vitamin D deficient older adults with reduced muscle mass and strength, and increased risk of falls.
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Department of Physical Therapy and Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, The GREAT Group (GRupo de Estudos em ATividade física), Sergipe, Brazil
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Department of Physical Therapy and Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, The GREAT Group (GRupo de Estudos em ATividade física), Sergipe, Brazil
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Department of Physical Therapy and Post-Graduate Program in Health Science, Federal University of Sergipe, The GREAT Group (GRupo de Estudos em ATividade física), Sergipe, Brazil
Department of Physical Therapy and Neuroscience, Wertheims’ College of Nursing and Health Science, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, USA
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intuitive. Walking speed is also an objective measure of lower-limb neuromuscular function and physical performance. It relates to functional abilities, morbidity and mortality, being a potent ‘vital sign’ in older adults ( 37 ). We believe that the normal
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Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada
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-adjusted life years loss ( 1 ). However, few studies focused on the prevalence and risk factors of fall among middle-aged and older adults. Therefore, it is urgent to investigate the modifiable risk factors of fall in this population. More and more evidence
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cardiorespiratory fitness ( 6 ), muscle strength ( 7 ) and muscle power ( 8 ) are also observed. Furthermore, significant correlations between testosterone and measures of physical performance in older adults have been observed ( 9 ). Whilst improvements in
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endorse greater distress ( 16 ). Age and life stage can also play a role in the acceptance and use of diabetes devices. Older adults may experience different priorities, benefits, and barriers when engaging with diabetes devices ( 43 ) compared to youth
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Department of Internal Medicine, HagaHospital, The Hague, The Netherlands
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Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
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are repeated after 6 months or vice versa (5.2%), explaining why for instance the TRUST study ‘Thyroid hormone Replacement for Untreated older adults with Subclinical hypothyroidism - a randomised placebo controlled Trial’ had a relatively long run
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declining in older adults (~3–4%) ( 16 , 17 ) ( Fig. 2 ). While there were statistically significant gender differences in the prevalence of serum 25(OH)D concentrations <30 nmol/L in both surveys, these were in opposite directions; males had a
