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Dirk-Jan van Beek Department of Endocrine Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Rachel S van Leeuwaarde Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Carolina R C Pieterman Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Menno R Vriens Department of Endocrine Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Gerlof D Valk Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Parelsnoer Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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the DutchMEN Study Group
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. Considering the complexity of MEN1, a longitudinal database with a disease-specific framework was a necessity. Whereas strategies for conducting randomized controlled trials on rare diseases have been described, research methods for observational studies are

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0359
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 11
Open access
Ekaterina Koledova Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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George Stoyanov Biopharma Global Medical Affairs, General Medicine and Endocrinology, Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

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Leroy Ovbude Business & Decision Life Sciences, Brussels, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert, Belgium

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Peter S W Davies Children’s Nutrition Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

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outcomes and intervene as appropriate. The easypod connect observational study (ECOS) was a 5-year investigation to assess treatment adherence among paediatric patients receiving GH via the easypod device. Secondary objectives included investigation of

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0172
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 8
Open access
Charlotte Höybye Department of Endocrinology and Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Beverly M K Biller Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

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Jean-Marc Ferran Qualiance ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Murray B Gordon Allegheny Neuroendocrinology Center, Division of Endocrinology, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA

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Nicky Kelepouris US Medical Affairs-Rare Endocrine Disorders, Novo Nordisk, Inc, Plainsboro, New Jersey, USA

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Navid Nedjatian Global Medical Affairs – Rare Endocrine Disorders, Novo Nordisk Health Care AG, Zurich, Switzerland

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Anne H Olsen Epidemiology, Novo Nordisk A/S, Soborg, Denmark

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Matthias M Weber Unit of Endocrinology, 1, Medical Department, University Hospital, Universitätsmedizin Mainz, der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, Mainz, Germany

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sufficient data for calculating the CV risk on a given year ( Fig. 1 ) (see the statistical analysis section for further details). Due to the nature of observational studies, there were missing data which resulted in different numbers of treated patients in

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Cardiovascular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0267
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 1
Open access
Rolf Jorde Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

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Guri Grimnes Tromsø Endocrine Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
Division of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

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, there was an almost linear relation between serum PTH and 25(OH)D in the serum 25(OH)D 25–150 nmol/L range ( 23 ). Our observational study adds to this multitude of thresholds or lack of such. In the males, the decrease in serum PTH in those with serum

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0067
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Milou Cecilia Madsen Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Martin den Heijer Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Claudia Pees Walaeus Library, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Nienke R Biermasz Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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Leontine E H Bakker Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands

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%, Androgel 1.62%, Fortesta 2%, Tostran 2%, Testavan 2%) 8 h +24 h Stable, depending on compliance 20–30 nmol/L Multiple to get in target range (Randomized controlled trials (RCTs): (18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 122), observational studies: (24, 25, 26

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Reproduction
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0112
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 8
Open access
María Dolores Rodríguez Arnao Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain

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Amparo Rodríguez Sánchez Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain

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Ignacio Díez López Hospital Universitario Araba, Araba/Alava, Spain

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Joaquín Ramírez Fernández Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain

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Jose Antonio Bermúdez de la Vega Centro Nuevas Tecnologias, Sevilla, Spain

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Diego Yeste Fernández Hospital Vall d’Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain

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María Chueca Guindulain Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain

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Raquel Corripio Collado Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain

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Jacobo Pérez Sánchez Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain

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Ana Fernández González Merck S.L.U., Madrid, Spain

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ECOS Spain Study Collaborative Investigator Group
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™ records the number of doses administered, adherence can be accurately assessed. The multinational easypod™ connect observational study (ECOS) was specifically designed to quantify adherence in subjects receiving r-hGH with easypod™ and to characterize the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0325
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 9
Open access
Eng-Loon Tng Department of Medicine, Level 8, Tower A, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore

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Yee Sian Tiong Department of Medicine, Level 8, Tower A, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore

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Aye Thida Aung Department of Medicine, Level 8, Tower A, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, Singapore

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Nicole Ya Yuan Chong Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore

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Zhemin Wang Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore

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Interventional and observational studies reporting the efficacy and safety of anticoagulation, antiplatelet therapy, or no therapy in people with TAF were eligible for inclusion. Interventional studies include non-randomized studies and RCTs. Observational

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Cardiovascular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0166
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 5
Open access
Zhenyu Liu Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China

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Huixi Kong Department of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Haidian District, Beijing, China

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Baoyu Zhang Center for Endocrine Metabolism and Immune Diseases, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Tongzhou District, Beijing, China

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↑ From 5.07 ± 1.21 to 5.40 ± 1.45 mg/dL 940 patients with T2DM Retrospective, observational study ( 46 ) ↑ From 5.08 ± 1.14 to 5.30 ± 1.24 mg/dL 120 patients with T2DM Multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group trial ( 47

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0070
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 6
Open access
K Amrein Thyroid Endocrinology Osteoporosis Institute Dobnig, Graz, Austria
Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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A Papinutti Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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E Mathew Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
Department of General Surgery, St. Elisabeth’s Hospital, Graz, Austria

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G Vila Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

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D Parekh Clinician Scientist in Critical Care, Birmingham, Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

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exposure ( 12 ). A number of large observational studies from across the globe have confirmed that vitamin D deficiency (usually defined as 25(OH)D levels below 20 ng/mL) is frequent in adult and pediatric critical illness ( 5 , 6 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0184
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 12
Open access
Sarah Byberg Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Futtrup Panum Institute, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Mikkel Andreassen Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jesper Krogh Department of Medical Endocrinology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark

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and characteristics The bibliographical search was conducted until February 2019. As illustrated in Fig. 1 , we included 14 observational studies assessing the effect of dopamine agonist therapy on metabolic variables in 387 patients with

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0286
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 10
Open access