Annette Mouritsen
Annette Mouritsen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Annette Mouritsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Annette Mouritsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Alexander Siegfried Busch
Alexander Siegfried Busch
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Alexander Siegfried Busch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Alexander Siegfried Busch in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Lise Aksglaede
Lise Aksglaede
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Lise Aksglaede in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Lise Aksglaede in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts
Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Ewa Rajpert-De Meyts in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Anders Juul
Anders Juul
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Center for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Testosterone (T) promotes maturation of the male reproductive organs, development of secondary sex characteristics and production of sperm by the testes. In puberty in boys, pulsatile gonadotropin stimulation upon reactivation of
André Marques-Pinto
André Marques-Pinto
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by André Marques-Pinto in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by André Marques-Pinto in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Davide Carvalho
Davide Carvalho
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by Davide Carvalho in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Serviço de Endocrinologia, Departamento de Endocrinologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Al. Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
Search for other papers by Davide Carvalho in
Google Scholar
PubMed
primarily masculine in 20%, while 27% have both male and female abnormalities, and no evident cause is identified as for the remaining 15% (2) . Since the mid-20th century, numerous studies have reported an increasing incidence of human reproductive
Trine Holm Johannsen
Trine Holm Johannsen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Trine Holm Johannsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Trine Holm Johannsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Jakob Albrethsen
Jakob Albrethsen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Jakob Albrethsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Jakob Albrethsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Vassos Neocleous
Vassos Neocleous
The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
Search for other papers by Vassos Neocleous in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Vassos Neocleous in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Federico Baronio
Federico Baronio
S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Bologna, Italy
Search for other papers by Federico Baronio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Federico Baronio in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Martine Cools
Martine Cools
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ghent University Hospital and Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
Search for other papers by Martine Cools in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Martine Cools in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Lise Aksglaede
Lise Aksglaede
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Lise Aksglaede in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Lise Aksglaede in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Niels Jørgensen
Niels Jørgensen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Niels Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Niels Jørgensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Peter Christiansen
Peter Christiansen
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Peter Christiansen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Peter Christiansen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Meropi Toumba
Meropi Toumba
The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
Search for other papers by Meropi Toumba in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Department of Pediatrics, Aretaeio Hospital, Nicosia, Cyprus
Search for other papers by Meropi Toumba in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Pavlos Fanis
Pavlos Fanis
The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Department of Molecular Genetics, Function and Therapy, Nicosia, Cyprus
Search for other papers by Pavlos Fanis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Pavlos Fanis in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Marie Lindhardt Ljubicic in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Anders Juul
Anders Juul
Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC), Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
Search for other papers by Anders Juul in
Google Scholar
PubMed
; however, adult patients with CAH often experience inadequate treatment with health sequelae including an impaired gonadal function ( 3 ). One of the most important testicular complications in male patients with CAH is the development of testicular
Robert A Hart
Robert A Hart
Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
Search for other papers by Robert A Hart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Robert A Hart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Robin C Dobos
Robin C Dobos
NSW Department of Primary Industries, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
Search for other papers by Robin C Dobos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Robin C Dobos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Linda L Agnew
Linda L Agnew
Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
Search for other papers by Linda L Agnew in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Linda L Agnew in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Neil A Smart
Neil A Smart
Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
Search for other papers by Neil A Smart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Neil A Smart in
Google Scholar
PubMed
James R McFarlane
James R McFarlane
Centre for Bioactive Discovery in Health and Ageing, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales, Australia
Search for other papers by James R McFarlane in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by James R McFarlane in
Google Scholar
PubMed
). Leptin is critical in reproduction, allowing pubertal development ( 23 , 24 ) as well as regulating testis development ( 25 ) and ovarian follicle development ( 26 ). Leptin is known to circulate at higher concentrations in females than males in
Willem de Ronde
Willem de Ronde
Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Willem de Ronde in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Willem de Ronde in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Diederik L Smit
Diederik L Smit
Department of Internal Medicine, Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Diederik L Smit in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Diederik L Smit in
Google Scholar
PubMed
HAARLEM study (acronym for Health risks of Anabolic Androgenic steRoid use by maLE aMateur athletes), of which the design and baseline characteristics have been published recently ( 3 ). The results of 12 months follow-up are expected soon. Based on our
Pamela Stratton
Pamela Stratton
Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Pamela Stratton in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Pamela Stratton in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Neelam Giri
Neelam Giri
Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Neelam Giri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Neelam Giri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sonia Bhala
Sonia Bhala
Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Sonia Bhala in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sonia Bhala in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Martha M Sklavos
Martha M Sklavos
Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Martha M Sklavos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Martha M Sklavos in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Blanche P Alter
Blanche P Alter
Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Blanche P Alter in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Blanche P Alter in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sharon A Savage
Sharon A Savage
Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Sharon A Savage in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Sharon A Savage in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ligia A Pinto
Ligia A Pinto
Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, Maryland, USA
Search for other papers by Ligia A Pinto in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ligia A Pinto in
Google Scholar
PubMed
). Physical anomalies are reported in more than half of individuals with FA. Both males and females with FA have high rates of hypogonadism and infertility ( 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). DC is the prototype telomere biology disorder (TBD) caused by germline
Jian Gong
Jian Gong
School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
Search for other papers by Jian Gong in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jian Gong in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Yinjuan Lv
Yinjuan Lv
School of Basic Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
Search for other papers by Yinjuan Lv in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yinjuan Lv in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Yuhao Meng
Yuhao Meng
Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
Search for other papers by Yuhao Meng in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Yuhao Meng in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Weiheng Zhang
Weiheng Zhang
Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
Search for other papers by Weiheng Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Weiheng Zhang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Xiaocui Jiang
Xiaocui Jiang
Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
Search for other papers by Xiaocui Jiang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Xiaocui Jiang in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Min Xiao
Min Xiao
Laboratory Animal Center, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
Search for other papers by Min Xiao in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Min Xiao in
Google Scholar
PubMed
their offspring's reproductive development and function and cause genetic defects ( 2 ). In humans, female exposure to stressful life events (SLE) during early gestation (18 weeks of gestation) is associated with reduced reproductive function in male
Piera Rizzolo
Piera Rizzolo
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Piera Rizzolo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Piera Rizzolo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Valentina Silvestri
Valentina Silvestri
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Valentina Silvestri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Valentina Silvestri in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Virginia Valentini
Virginia Valentini
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Virginia Valentini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Virginia Valentini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Veronica Zelli
Veronica Zelli
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Veronica Zelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Veronica Zelli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Agostino Bucalo
Agostino Bucalo
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Agostino Bucalo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Agostino Bucalo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Ines Zanna
Ines Zanna
Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
Search for other papers by Ines Zanna in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Ines Zanna in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Simonetta Bianchi
Simonetta Bianchi
Division of Pathological Anatomy, Department of Sciences of Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
Search for other papers by Simonetta Bianchi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Simonetta Bianchi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Maria Grazia Tibiletti
Maria Grazia Tibiletti
Department of Pathology, ASST Settelaghi and Centro di Ricerca per lo Studio dei Tumori Eredo-Familiari, Università dell’Insubria, Varese, Italy
Search for other papers by Maria Grazia Tibiletti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Maria Grazia Tibiletti in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Antonio Russo
Antonio Russo
Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical and Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
Search for other papers by Antonio Russo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Antonio Russo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Liliana Varesco
Liliana Varesco
IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
Search for other papers by Liliana Varesco in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Liliana Varesco in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Gianluca Tedaldi
Gianluca Tedaldi
Biosciences Laboratory, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
Search for other papers by Gianluca Tedaldi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Gianluca Tedaldi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Bernardo Bonanni
Bernardo Bonanni
Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Bernardo Bonanni in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Bernardo Bonanni in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Jacopo Azzollini
Jacopo Azzollini
Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Jacopo Azzollini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Jacopo Azzollini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Siranoush Manoukian
Siranoush Manoukian
Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Siranoush Manoukian in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Siranoush Manoukian in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Anna Coppa
Anna Coppa
Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Anna Coppa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Anna Coppa in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Giuseppe Giannini
Giuseppe Giannini
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Giuseppe Giannini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Giuseppe Giannini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Laura Cortesi
Laura Cortesi
Department of Oncology and Haematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
Search for other papers by Laura Cortesi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Laura Cortesi in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Alessandra Viel
Alessandra Viel
Unit of Functional Onco-Genomics and Genetics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
Search for other papers by Alessandra Viel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Alessandra Viel in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Marco Montagna
Marco Montagna
Immunology and Molecular Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV – IRCCS, Padua, Italy
Search for other papers by Marco Montagna in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Marco Montagna in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Paolo Peterlongo
Paolo Peterlongo
Genome Diagnostics Program, IFOM – The FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Paolo Peterlongo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Paolo Peterlongo in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Paolo Radice
Paolo Radice
Unit of Molecular Bases of Genetic Risk and Genetic Testing, Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Milan, Italy
Search for other papers by Paolo Radice in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Paolo Radice in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Domenico Palli
Domenico Palli
Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
Search for other papers by Domenico Palli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Domenico Palli in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Laura Ottini
Laura Ottini
Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
Search for other papers by Laura Ottini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Laura Ottini in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Introduction Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, representing about 1% of all breast cancers (BCs) and less than 1% of all cancers in men ( 1 ). Germline pathogenic variants in BC genes, particularly BRCA1 , BRCA2 and PALB2 genes
Carlijn A Hoekx
Carlijn A Hoekx
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Carlijn A Hoekx in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Carlijn A Hoekx in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Borja Martinez-Tellez
Borja Martinez-Tellez
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
Biomedical Research Unit, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, Almería, Spain
CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain
Search for other papers by Borja Martinez-Tellez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Department of Nursing Physiotherapy and Medicine, SPORT Research Group (CTS-1024), CERNEP Research Center, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
Biomedical Research Unit, Torrecárdenas University Hospital, Almería, Spain
CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain
Search for other papers by Borja Martinez-Tellez in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Maaike E Straat
Maaike E Straat
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Maaike E Straat in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Maaike E Straat in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Magdalena M A Verkleij
Magdalena M A Verkleij
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Magdalena M A Verkleij in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Magdalena M A Verkleij in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Mirjam Kemmeren
Mirjam Kemmeren
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Mirjam Kemmeren in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Mirjam Kemmeren in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Sander Kooijman
Sander Kooijman
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Sander Kooijman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Sander Kooijman in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Martin Uhrbom
Martin Uhrbom
Bioscience Metabolism, Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca Gothenburg, Sweden
Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Neo Building, Huddinge, Sweden
Search for other papers by Martin Uhrbom in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Department of Medicine, Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet Campus Flemingsberg, Neo Building, Huddinge, Sweden
Search for other papers by Martin Uhrbom in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Saskia C A de Jager
Saskia C A de Jager
Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Saskia C A de Jager in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Saskia C A de Jager in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Patrick C N Rensen
Patrick C N Rensen
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Patrick C N Rensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Patrick C N Rensen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Mariëtte R Boon
Mariëtte R Boon
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Mariëtte R Boon in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Search for other papers by Mariëtte R Boon in
Google Scholar
PubMed
was observed in males but not in females, suggesting a potential influence of a diurnal rhythm on BAT, which may be sex-dependent. Indeed, sex differences in thermoregulation and the release of various metabolic hormones following a stimulus have
Milou Cecilia Madsen
Milou Cecilia Madsen
Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Milou Cecilia Madsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Milou Cecilia Madsen in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Martin den Heijer
Martin den Heijer
Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Martin den Heijer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Martin den Heijer in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Claudia Pees
Claudia Pees
Walaeus Library, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Claudia Pees in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Claudia Pees in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nienke R Biermasz
Nienke R Biermasz
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Nienke R Biermasz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nienke R Biermasz in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Leontine E H Bakker
Leontine E H Bakker
Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
Search for other papers by Leontine E H Bakker in
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Leontine E H Bakker in
Google Scholar
PubMed
concentrations in males can lead to a clinical syndrome known as male hypogonadism. This can be caused by testicular disease (primary hypogonadism) or central, pituitary, or hypothalamic disease (secondary hypogonadism). Causes can be genetic, like in Klinefelter
