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previous study ( 2 ), have shown that chemerin was closely related to obesity and obesity-related disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism. Serum chemerin increased significantly in adults ( 3 ) and children ( 4 ) with obesity and obesity-related diseases
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.3 ( 2 ), which is consistent with the susceptible sites for metabolic syndrome (MS). It has a wide range of physiological functions such as regulating blood glucose and lipid metabolism and inhibiting tissue calcification ( 3 , 4 , 5 ). Previous
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as obesity, sepsis, insulin resistance, diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ). These diseases are also associated with changes in the lipid metabolism, accelerated lipolysis and
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glucose- and lipid metabolism, inflammation and leptin signaling. Materials and methods Animals Animals were used in compliance with internationally accepted principles for the care and use of laboratory animals and were approved by the
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, numerous metabolic, endocrine and inflammatory changes that occur with obesity might promote prostate cancer progression (13) . These include altered lipid metabolism and dyslipidemia, the development of pre-diabetes that is characterised by insulin
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The inducible degrader of low-density lipoprotein receptor (IDOL) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of LDL receptor (LDLR). Statins lower plasma LDL by activating transcription of hepatic LDLR expression, and we have determined whether statins modulate IDOL expression and influence LDLR protein abundance. IDOL expression in monocytes and serum IDOL level was determined in statin-treated familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients and compared with control subjects. Serum IDOL level was also evaluated in a group of untreated FH patients before and after the initiation of statin. The mechanism underlying the inhibitory effect of statin on IDOL expression was investigated in vitro. In statin-treated FH patients, serum IDOL level and its expression in monocytes was reduced compared with control (P < 0.05). In contrast, untreated FH patients had higher serum levels of IDOL and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexintype 9 (PCSK9) than control (P < 0.05), and serum IDOL level decreased after statin therapy (P < 0.05) whereas an increase was observed in PCSK9 level (P < 0.01). In vitro, atorvastatin significantly decreased IDOL abundance in a dose-dependent manner in cultured macrophages and hepatocytes with a concomitant increase in LDLR expression. The transcription of IDOL was restored by adding either an LXR agonist T0901317 or oxysterol 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol, indicating that statin inhibited IDOL expression by reducing LXR activation. The LXR-IDOL-LDLR axis can be modulated by statins in vitro and in vivo. Statins inhibit IDOL expression by reducing LXR activation and upregulate LDLR, and statins exert the opposite effect on IDOL and PCSK9.
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disorders of lipid metabolism ( 1 ), mainly with increased total cholesterol (TC) and LDL-C ( 2 ) in blood. Elevated LDL-C can lead to progressive lipid accumulation, plaque formation in the arteries and increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), the
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High Field MR Centre, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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adapt adequately to situations of increased cardiac stress. In this review, we aim to overview the influence of hormones on heart function, focusing on their impact on myocardial lipid metabolism, cardiac substrate utilization and ectopic lipid
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Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Gastroenterology & Metabolism, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Endocrine Laboratory, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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, we investigated the relationship between bone resorption and formation markers, markers of lipid metabolism and parameters of mineral metabolism and oxidative stress with n-oxPTH and tPTH. Subjects and methods Study design and participants
Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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diseases, and cancer ( 7 , 8 , 9 ). Using lipidomics, researchers have identified significant biomarkers and investigated the relationship between disorders of lipid metabolism and the pathogenesis of T2DM. In a prospective study, five lipids
