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Institute of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Nordhessen, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Departments of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany
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Institute of Pathology, Institute of Pathology Nordhessen, Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Departments of Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1–3, 68135 Mannheim, Germany
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men over 65 years (3) . Age dependence in cancers could be the result of accumulation of DNA damage (4) or epigenetic changes (5) in somatic cells. Imprinting is one mechanism of epigenetic gene regulation. Imprinted genes carry epigenetic marks
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in CYP expression and resulting drug metabolism observed during adulthood ( 1 , 5 ). Most, if not all, sexual dimorphisms are a result of developmental hormone imprinting. Hormonal imprinting refers to a biological process in which the target
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decreased IGF1 action in these individuals, as absence of IGF1 signalling through IGF1R reduces postnatal growth (34) , and IGF1 deficiency predicts longevity (35) . IGF2 is located in an imprinted gene cluster on chromosome 11p15.5 ( Fig. 1 ), containing
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Department of Endocrinology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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particularly important. Multiple genetic anomalies are associated with short and tall stature and range from chromosomal variants to single bp changes and imprinting defects. Patients with large chromosomal variants (numerical chromosomal aberrations, (sub
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Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
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Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
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Division of Metabolic Diseases, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
Division of Auxology, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, Piancavallo (VB), Italy
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the first example in humans of genetic imprinting ( 1 ). Three main genetic subtypes are involved namely interstitial deletion of the proximal long arm of paternal chromosome 15 (del15q11.2-q13) (DEL15, 65–75% of cases), maternal uniparental disomy of
Chronic Disease Epidemiology Laboratory Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA
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an important role on the growth of infants. The possible explanation underlying the findings could be ‘metabolic imprinting’, which is known as ‘the process by which a stimulus or insult occurring during a critical period of development has a long
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Center for Genomic Research, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
Department of Medical Specialties, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Modena, Modena, Italy
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number of subjects. Presently, it is impossible to establish whether the SRD5A2 methylation pattern in PFS patients is set during early embryo development or results from finasteride treatment itself. DNA methylation is imprinted during gamete
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, University of Oslo and Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
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phaeochromocytomas. The IGF2 gene is localised in a region that undergoes classical maternal–paternal imprinting. Overexpression of IGF2 transcript is common in phaeochromocytomas, and mechanisms found so far are tumour- specific genomic changes in copy number
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Introduction The Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) results from the absence of paternally imprinted genes in the 15q 11–13 region, caused by a deletion in the paternal chromosome (del15q) in 70% of cases and disomy of the maternal chromosome (mUPD15
Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
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Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
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Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, Australia
School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Transplantation Immunology Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
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St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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St Vincent’s Institute of Medical Research, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
The University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine, St. Vincent’s Hospital, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia
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Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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Cooperative Research Centre for Cell Therapy Manufacturing (CRC-CTM), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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for incorporation within conventional laboratory tissue culture plastic, the container can be fitted into a 6-well plate. The microwells were imprinted in the base of the device. The device lid was constructed to hold a semi-permeable membrane in close