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still unclear and may be related to genetics, environment, immunity and other factors, among which immune response is the core factor. It is recognised that the autoimmune process may have a very important pathogenic role in Graves’ disease ( 2 ). A
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Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charité University Medical Center, Berlin, Germany
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German Center of Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
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Introduction Chemerin, also known as tazarotene-induced gene 2 protein (TIG2) and retinoic acid receptor responder 2 (RARRES2), is a 14-kDa chemoattractant protein known to modulate immune system function through its binding to the chemerin
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Introduction Over the past several years, immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has become an effective treatment of many malignancies. Immune checkpoints are molecules on the surface of immune cells involved in the regulation
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Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
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Introduction Endocrinopathies are amongst the most frequent adverse events of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs). In common with all other side effects of systemic anticancer treatment, they are currently reported according to the Common
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various factors, including hormones and neurotransmitters. In the recent years, there has been an increasing interest in the role of these factors as immunomodulators in bidirectional communication with the immune system ( 11 ). In some cancers, it has
Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Radiology, HUS Medical Imaging Centre, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Endocrinology, Abdominal Centre, University of Helsinki and HUS, Helsinki, Finland
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Department of Oncology, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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Introduction Treatment outcomes of metastatic melanoma significantly improved after the introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). By binding to their ligands, they prevent inhibitory signals, enhance the proliferation of T
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité-University Medicine, Berlin, Germany
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Bone Research Program, ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Key Laboratory for Space Bioscience and Biotechnology, Institute of Special Environmental Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Shaanxi, China
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Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Concord Clinical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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body production of active glucocorticoids from inactive precursors, a measure of systemic 11β-HSD1 activity, is increased in patients with immune-mediated arthritis but can be reduced by anti-tumor necrosis factor α therapy ( 11 , 12 ). 11β-HSD1 is
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also analyzed. In addition, the correlation between LRG1 expression and immune infiltration was determined as a possible mechanism for LRG1 involvement in the progression of thyroid cancer. Our results may provide an important target for the
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apoptosis of bone mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts through oxidative stress, which is related to the pathogenesis of osteoporosis ( 8 , 9 ). The systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a new inflammatory index based on peripheral blood neutrophils
Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
University Center of Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), Madrid, Spain
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Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
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Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
University Center of Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), Madrid, Spain
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Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
Ramón y Cajal Institute of Sanitary Research (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
University Center of Defense of Madrid (CUD-ACD), Madrid, Spain
Immune System Diseases-Rheumatology and Oncology Service, University Hospital Príncipe de Asturias, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
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of rhEGF have not been established. Furthermore, the potential effects of the intralesional rhEGF administration in the local inflammatory-immune response remain unknown ( 19 , 20 , 21 ). The aim of the present work was to study of the effects of