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( n = 8/7), scrotal ( n = 2/2), not specified ( n = 17/22) ( Fig. 2 ). Figure 2 Gonadal status in 56 males with Prader–Willi syndrome in relation to initial testicular position, response to treatment with human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG
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Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Generation R Study Group, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Center for Thyroid Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Division of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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. Placental biomarkers such as soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFLT), human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), and placental growth factor (PLGF) are known to be important representatives of placental (dys)function ( 21 ). These biomarkers have been associated
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This review summarizes 10 years experience with male abusers of anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). The typical user of AAS is male, aged between 20 and 40 and lifting weights. Illegal AAS are cheap and easily obtained via internet or local suppliers. AAS are mostly used in cycles with a duration between 6 and 18 weeks. Most AAS cycles contain multiple agents, used simultaneously in a dose vastly exceeding a substitution dose. A variety of other performance and image-enhancing drugs are commonly used, including human growth hormone, thyroid hormone, tamoxifen, clomiphene citrate and human chorionic gonadotrophin. Short-term clinical and biochemical side effects are well established. Long-term side effects are uncertain, but may include heart failure, mood-and anxiety disorders, hypogonadism and subfertility. We share our views on the management of common health problems associated with AAS abuse.
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cetrorelix (Cetrotide®, Merck) 250 µg daily starting from the sixth day of stimulation. The initial dose of stimulation was determined according to the baseline antral follicle count (AFC). Human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) (Pregnyl® 5000 or 10,000 units or
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Diagnosis of hypothyroidism during pregnancy Evolution of normal thyroid function during pregnancy Circulating levels of human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) increase from about 11 days post conception, reach a peak around the end of the
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Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France
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Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France
Inserm UMR1185, Le Kremlin Bicetre, Paris, France
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Inserm UMR1185, Le Kremlin Bicetre, Paris, France
Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
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modalities of gonadotropins administration in two groups of CHH boys, treated during the mini-pubertal period. Multi-weekly injections of recombinant human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) and FSH for 3 months was the first modality (injection group). Continuous
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de psychopathologie du développement, Bron, France
Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre de biologie et pathologie Est, Service d’hormonologie, d’endocrinologie moléculaire et des maladies rares, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Centre de biologie et pathologie Est, Service d’hormonologie, d’endocrinologie moléculaire et des maladies rares, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service Endocrinologie Moléculaire et Maladies Rares, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de chirurgie Uro-viscérale et de Transplantation de l’Enfant, Bron, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Groupement Hospitalier Est, Service d’endocrinologie, Bron, France
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Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares du développement génital du fœtus à l’adulte DEV-GEN, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares du développement génital du fœtus à l’adulte DEV-GEN, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de chirurgie Uro-viscérale et de Transplantation de l’Enfant, Bron, France
Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France
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Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Femme-Mère-Enfant, Service de chirurgie Uro-viscérale et de Transplantation de l’Enfant, Bron, France
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Centre National de Référence Maladies Rares du développement génital du fœtus à l’adulte DEV-GEN, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, France
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determination of the testosterone/DHT ratio (elevated at baseline and/or after human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) stimulation test in SRD5A2 deficiency) and of the testosterone/androstenedione ratio (low at baseline and after hCG stimulation test in HSD17B3
Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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CEDM Centre of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, Limassol, Cyprus
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Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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Endocrinology & Diabetes, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
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adenoma and less commonly by thyroiditis, administration of iodinated contrast ( 2 ), immune checkpoint inhibitors ( 3 ), and extra-thyroidal causes such as struma ovarii, factitious thyrotoxicosis, trophoblastic tumours producing human chorionic
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chorionic gonadotrophin alpha and beta subunits can be assessed throughout human pregnancy using immunoradiometric assays calibrated with the unaltered and thermally dissociated heterodimer . Journal of Endocrinology 1994 140 513 – 520 . ( https
EndoERN, APHP Consortium Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
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EndoERN, APHP Consortium Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
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EndoERN, APHP Consortium Pitie Salpetriere Hospital, Necker Hospital, Paris, France
Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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production by corpus luteum ( 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 ), both directly and synergistically with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) action. GH also has a role on oocyte quality. In vivo , Mendoza et al. show a positive