Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Objective
To investigate the association of normal BMI with central obesity (CO), high BMI with CO, high BMI without CO, and normal BMI without CO, with function and cognition in older adults.
Methods
Cross-sectional study involving 754 participants ≥ 65 years. Data collected include demographics, cognition, and physical measurements.
Results
Females had a higher prevalence of high BMI with CO and a lower prevalence of high BMI without CO than males (61.0% vs 44.6% and 4.6% vs 15.0%, respectively). Within gender, CO groups, regardless of BMI, had lower mini-mental state examination (MMSE), handgrip strength (HGS), and longer timed-up-and-go (TUG) scores. Overall, the high BMI without CO group had the highest MMSE scores, HGS, and shortest TUG. Amongst males, HGS was significantly lower in the normal BMI with CO group (B −3.28, 95% CI −6.32 to −0.23, P = 0.04). CO, regardless of normal/high BMI, had significantly longer TUG time (B 2.65, 95% CI 0.45 to 4.84, P = 0.02; B 1.07, 95% CI 0.25 to 1.88, P = 0.01, respectively) than normal BMI without CO group. CO was associated with lower MMSE scores in both genders but significant only in males with normal BMI and CO (B −1.60, 95% CI −3.15 to −0.06, P = 0.04).
Conclusion
CO may be a better predictor of obesity and adverse outcomes in older adults. High BMI without CO was associated with better outcomes especially in males but require further validation. Prospective longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain the impact of BMI and/or CO on function, cognition, mortality, and gender differences.
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University for Health Sciences, Medical Informatics and Technology (UMIT TIROL), Tirol, Austria
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Institute for Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology (IMBIE), Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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burden ( 5 ). Its onset may be as early as young adulthood ( 6 ). One of the diagnostic criteria of sarcopenia is decreased handgrip strength, a reliable proxy of overall muscle function, which can be measured easily and objectively ( 4 , 5 ). Both
Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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Department of Respiratory, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Jinan, China
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. ( https://doi.org/10.3109/15412555.2013.808614 ) 38 Lazarus R Sparrow D Weiss ST . Handgrip strength and insulin levels: cross-sectional and prospective associations in the Normative Aging Study . Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental 1997 46
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confounding effects of training (15) . In a trial by Wicherts et al . there were no between-group or within-group differences in the chair stand test and handgrip strength after 6 months of vitamin D supplementation in participants with a mean age of 41
Department of Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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women with PCOS and 40 controls, those with PCOS showed greater muscle strength (bench press, leg extension and handgrip strength), irrespective of body composition ( 61 ). Serum levels of testosterone correlated positively with increased muscle strength
