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Anastasia Ibba SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Francesca Corrias SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Chiara Guzzetti SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Letizia Casula SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Mariacarolina Salerno Dipartimento di Pediatria, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy

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Natascia di Iorgi Dipartimento di Pediatria, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-infantili, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

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Gianluca Tornese SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica, Clinica Pediatrica, IRCCS Materno-infantile Burlo Garofolo, Trieste, Italy

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Giuseppa Patti Dipartimento di Pediatria, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-infantili, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

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Giorgio Radetti Dipartimento di Pediatria, Ospedale Generale Regionale, Bolzano, Italy

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Mohamad Maghnie Dipartimento di Pediatria, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Riabilitazione, Oftalmologia, Genetica e Scienze Materno-infantili, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy

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Marco Cappa UOC di Endocrinologia, Dipartimento Universitario Ospedaliero, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù IRCCS, Roma, Italy

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Sandro Loche SSD Endocrinologia Pediatrica e Centro Screening Neonatale, Ospedale Pediatrico Microcitemico, ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy

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Introduction The diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in childhood and adolescence is based on auxological, biochemical, neuro-radiological, and genetic investigations. Since GH production is pulsatile, its secretion needs to be

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology Collection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0347
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 11
Open access
Mette Marie Baunsgaard Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Louise Tram Henriksen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Torben Stamm Mikkelsen Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Michael Callesen Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Funen, Denmark

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Britta Weber The Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Henrik Hasle Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Niels Birkebæk Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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physical chronic late effects ( 15 ) with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) being the most common endocrinopathy ( 16 ) followed by thyroid-stimulating hormone deficiency ( 17 ). CR is the most significant risk factor for the development of GHD ( 18

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0365
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access
Thomas Reinehr Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition Medicine, Vestische Children’s Hospital, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany

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Martin Carlsson Endocrine Care, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA

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Dionisios Chrysis Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece

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Cecilia Camacho-Hübner Endocrine Care, Pfizer Inc, New York, New York, USA

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height is lower than predicted height. The difference between predicted and achieved adult height depends on bone age retardation in CDGP ( 8 , 9 , 11 ). Since bone age is delayed in children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) before the initiation

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology Collection
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0090
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Kevin C J Yuen Departments of Neuroendocrinology and Neurosurgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, University of Arizona College of Medicine and Creighton School of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona, United States

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Gudmundur Johannsson Department of Endocrinology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital and Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

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Ken K Y Ho The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and the Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia

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Bradley S Miller Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Minnesota Medical School, M Health Fairview Masonic Children’s Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States

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Ignacio Bergada Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas "Dr César Bergadá" (CEDIE), CONICET-FEI-División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina

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Alan D Rogol Pediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

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Introduction Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a clinical syndrome that can present either as isolated GHD or associated with additional pituitary hormone deficiencies in children and adults. Childhood-onset GHD (CO-GHD) is often idiopathic

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0504
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 7
Open access
M Ahmid Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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C G Perry Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospitals, Glasgow, UK

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S F Ahmed Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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M G Shaikh Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Royal Hospital for Children, School of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

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Introduction Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is an endocrine condition that can potentially impact on an individual’s life from childhood, adolescence to young adulthood and beyond. In UK, the prevalence of congenital childhood-onset GHD (CO

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-16-0024
Volume/Issue:
Volume 5: Issue 3
Open access
Sherwin Criseno Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK

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Helena Gleeson Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Andrew A Toogood Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Neil Gittoes Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Anne Topping School of Nursing and Midwifery, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK

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Niki Karavitaki Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
Centre for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Birmingham Health Partners, Birmingham, UK
Department of Endocrinology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK

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Introduction Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a clinical condition that can present in childhood or adult life. Adult-onset GHD is usually caused by a pituitary tumour and/or its treatments (surgery, radiotherapy) ( 1 ). Although the true

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0533
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Kennett Sprogøe Ascendis Pharma A/S, Hellerup, Denmark

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Eva Mortensen Ascendis Pharma, Inc., Palo Alto, California, USA

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David B Karpf Ascendis Pharma, Inc., Palo Alto, California, USA

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Jonathan A Leff Ascendis Pharma, Inc., Palo Alto, California, USA

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in both an autocrine and paracrine fashion ( 4 ). GH and IGF-1 thus work in concert, with IGF-1 augmenting the anabolic actions of GH while opposing the hyperglycemic and lipolytic effects of GH ( 5 ). Growth hormone deficiency (GHD), which may be

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0203
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 8
Open access
Charlotte Höybye Patient Area Endocrinology and Nephrology, Infection and Inflammation Theme, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Laia Faseh Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden

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Christos Himonakos Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
Department of Medicine, Karlstad Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden

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Tomasz Pielak NUTOPI Sp. z o. o., Poznan, Poland

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Jesper Eugen-Olsen Clinical Research Centre, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark

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.4 ± 1.1 mmol/L, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol 1.3 ± 0.4 mmol/L and triglyceride 1.7 ± 1.1 mmol/L. Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 72 patients with growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Baseline characteristics ( N  = 72

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0159
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 6
Open access
Xiaonan Guo Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Wenjing Hu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Xiaorui Lyu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Hanyuan Xu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Huijuan Zhu Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Hui Pan Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Linjie Wang Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Hongbo Yang Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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Fengying Gong Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

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and lipid metabolism, including glucose production, the uptake and storage of lipids, and the secretion of triglycerides ( 3 ). Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is a relatively uncommon endocrine disease caused by a primary deficiency of GH and a

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Pituitary and Hypothalamus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0462
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Régis Coutant Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Reference Center for Rare Pituiatry Diseases, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France

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Maithé Tauber Reference Center for the Prader-Willi syndrome and other rare obesities with feeding disorders (PRADORT), Children Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
Pediatric team of the Clinical Investigation Center 9302/INSERM, Hospital of Children, Toulouse, France
Institut Toulousain des Maladies Infectieuses et Inflammatoires (Infinity), INSERM UMR1291 - CNRS UMR5051 - Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France

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Béatrice Demaret GRANDIR - French Growth Disorders Association, Asnières-sur-Seine, France

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Robin Henocque Pfizer France, Paris France

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Yves Brault Pfizer France, Paris France

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François Montestruc eXYSTAT, Malakoff, France

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Olivier Chassany Health Economics Clinical Trial Unit (URC-ECO), Hospital of Hotel-Dieu, AP-HP, Paris, France
Patient-Reported Outcomes Unit (PROQOL), UMR 1123, University Paris Cité, INSERM, Paris, France

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Michel Polak Hôpital Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, Pediatric Endocrinology, Gynecology and Diabetology, Imagine Institute, INSERM U1163, Cochin Institute, INSERM U1016, Centre de référence des pathologies endocriniennes rares de la croissance et du développement, Université de Paris Cité, Paris, France

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the QOLITHOR Study Group
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the QOLITHOR Study Group

Introduction Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) results in abnormal linear growth in children ( 1 , 2 ), associated with potential early severe morbidity (psychosocial problems and episodes of hypoglycemia). In addition, persistency of GHD into

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Paediatric Endocrinology
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0464
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 4
Open access