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Ulrik Ø Andersen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Dijana Terzic Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Nicolai Jacob Wewer Albrechtsen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Centre for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Peter Dall Mark Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Peter Plomgaard Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens F Rehfeld Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Finn Gustafsson Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens P Goetze Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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substance P, are known substrates of neprilysin ( 1 , 4 ). So far, only indirect experiments have suggested that neprilysin degrades gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK) ( 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ). These hormones are secreted in parallel with GLP-1 from

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0563
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 5
Open access
Jens F Rehfeld Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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William Bayliss’ breakthrough discovery of the first hormone in history, secretin ( 2 ). ‘Hormone’ was rapidly accepted as a general designation for blood-borne chemical messengers of which secretin was the first and gastrin the second example ( 2 , 3

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0025
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 3
Open access
Bjarke R Medici Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark

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Birte Nygaard Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jeppe L la Cour Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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Martin Krakauer Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Andreas Brønden Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Mette P Sonne Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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Jens J Holst Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Jens F Rehfeld Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Tina Vilsbøll Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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Jens Faber Department of Medicine, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Filip K Knop Center for Clinical Metabolic Research, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Hellerup, Denmark
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark

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, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), cholecystokinin (CCK), and gastrin), gastric emptying (acetaminophen) and glucose homeostasis (glucose, insulin, and C-peptide) was collected at the same time points, while blood samples for thyroid status (TSH, free

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0314
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 10
Open access
Lin Ji Department of Cell Biology & Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

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Huan-Tong Wu Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Health, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China

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Xiao-Yan Qin Beijing Engineering Research Center of Food Environment and Health, College of Life & Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China

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Rongfeng Lan Department of Cell Biology & Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China

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, promelanin-concentrating hormone, progastrin and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), as well as reduced levels of bioactive peptides such as insulin, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), neurotensin, cholecystokinin (CCK) and gastrin in Cpe fat /Cpe fat mice

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0020
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 4
Open access
Irvin M Modlin Wren Laboratories, Yale University School of Medicine, 35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut, USA

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Harry Aslanian Wren Laboratories, Yale University School of Medicine, 35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut, USA

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Lisa Bodei Wren Laboratories, Yale University School of Medicine, 35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut, USA
Wren Laboratories, Yale University School of Medicine, 35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut, USA

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Ignat Drozdov Wren Laboratories, Yale University School of Medicine, 35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut, USA

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Mark Kidd Wren Laboratories, Yale University School of Medicine, 35 NE Industrial Road, Branford, Connecticut, USA

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secreted products, e.g. gastrin, serotonin, PP, neurokinin A, and VIP, or metabolic degradation products, e.g. urinary 5-HIAA. In general, these have proven to be relatively ineffective as biomarkers for a number of reasons. These include that they may only

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0100
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 4
Open access
David C Llewellyn Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK

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Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK

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Royce P Vincent Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK
Department of Clinical Biochemistry, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK

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Catherine Guy Department of Cellular Pathology, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Eastern Road, Brighton, UK

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Eftychia E Drakou Department of Clinical Oncology, Guy’s Cancer Centre – Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, Great Maze Pond, London, UK

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Simon J B Aylwin Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK

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Ashley B Grossman Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
Barts and the London School of Medicine, Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Institute, London, UK
Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK

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John K Ramage Neuroendocrine Tumour Unit, Kings Health Partners ENETS Centre of Excellence, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, Kings College London, London, UK

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Georgios K Dimitriadis Department of Endocrinology ASO/EASO COM, King’s College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, School of Life Course Sciences, Obesity Immunometabolism and Diabetes Group, King’s College London, London, UK

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infections, smoking, chronic inflammatory conditions of the lung, and any condition increasing gastrin or calcium such as hyperparathyroidism or Zollinger-Ellison syndrome ( 7 , 8 , 10 , 11 ). These conditions tend to cause a moderate rise in CTN compared

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0071
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 4
Open access
Monia Cito Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

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Silvia Pellegrini Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

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Lorenzo Piemonti Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

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Valeria Sordi Diabetes Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

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glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP1R) combined with gastrin and exendin-4 also, synergistically promoted β cell reprogramming of acinar cells ( 57 ). Duct cells Reprogramming of ductal cells into β cells is one of the most controversial issue in

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0012
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 3
Open access
Svjatoslavs Kistkins Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia

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Othmar Moser Division of Exercise Physiology and Metabolism, Institute of Sport Science, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany

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Vitālijs Ankudovičs Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia

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Dmitrijs Blizņuks Institute of Smart Computing Technologies, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia

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Timurs Mihailovs Institute of Smart Computing Technologies, Riga Technical University, Riga, Latvia

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Sergejs Lobanovs Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia

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Harald Sourij Trials Unit for Interdisciplinary Metabolic Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetolgoy, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria

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Andreas F H Pfeiffer Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité University Medicine, Hindenburgdamm, Berlin, Germany

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Valdis Pīrāgs Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital, Riga, Latvia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia

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examined. Within the first hour of glucagon infusion, the release of postprandial gastrin was inhibited, and the increase in serum gastrin concentration following a meal was delayed ( 63 ). Overlap in insulin and glucagon action Both insulin and

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Metabolic Syndrome and Diabetes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0529
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 5
Open access
Jens P Goetze
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Linda M Hilsted
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Jens F Rehfeld
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Urban Alehagen Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark

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marker, gastrin (25) . The results showed that more than half of the assays were inaccurate to an extent, from which the diagnosis of malignant gastrinoma was missed. We therefore recommend using validated CgA assays with precise knowledge of the

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0017
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 1
Open access
Dirk-Jan van Beek Department of Endocrine Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Rachel S van Leeuwaarde Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Carolina R C Pieterman Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Menno R Vriens Department of Endocrine Surgical Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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Gerlof D Valk Department of Endocrine Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
Parelsnoer Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands

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the DutchMEN Study Group
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: Scintigraphy Surgery Type of surgery Parathyroid autotransplant Thymectomy Complications Number of parathyroids Histopathology 1,25 vitamin D Calcium suppletion Cinacalcet NETs (pancreas, duodenum, stomach, lung, thymus) Gastrin Glucose Insulin

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-18-0359
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 11
Open access