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variant of PTC ( P = 0.0006), distant metastasis ( P = 0.0033) and stage IV tumours ( P = 0.0081) ( Table 4 ). The POLD1 mutant case showed over-expression of POLD1 protein. Both POLE and POLD1 protein expression were not associated with disease
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Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland
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Noninvasive follicular thyroid neoplasm with papillary-like nuclear features (NIFTP) is a borderline thyroid tumour formerly known as noninvasive encapsulated follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma. The prevalence of NIFTP is estimated at 4.4–9.1% of all papillary thyroid carcinomas worldwide; however, the rate of occurrence of NIFTP is eight times lower in Asian countries than in Western Europe and America. At the molecular level, NIFTP is characterised by the lack of BRAF V600E and BRAF V600E-like mutations or other high-risk mutations (TERT, TP53) and a high rate of RAS mutations, which is similar to other follicular-pattern thyroid tumours. The diagnosis of NIFTP can only be made after histological examination of the entire tumour removed during surgery and is based on strictly defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Although the diagnosis is postoperative, the combination of certain findings of preoperative tests including ultrasonography, cytology, and molecular testing may raise suspicion of NIFTP. These tumours can be effectively treated by lobectomy, although total thyroidectomy remains an option for some patients. Radioactive iodine and thyroid stimulating hormone suppression therapy are not required. NIFTP has an extremely good prognosis, even when treated conservatively with lobectomy alone. Nevertheless, it cannot be considered as a benign lesion. The risk of adverse outcomes, including lymph node and distant metastases, is low but not negligible.
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in many different types of cancer, including PTC. Several variants have been revealed in the conserved part of the IDH1 gene with an association with follicular variant of PTC ( 14 ). In the EZH1 gene a hotspot Q571R mutation was detected that
Grupo de Citogenética, Filogenia y Evolución de Poblaciones, Facultad de Ciencias y Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué, Tolima, Colombia
Facultad de Ciencias para la Salud, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Caldas, Colombia
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Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
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Dinamica IPS, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, California, USA
Fundación de Genética y Genómica, Medellín, Antioquia, Colombia
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. b Vital status was unknown in four patients. CVPTC, classical variant of PTC (papillary thyroid carcinoma); FVPTC, follicular variant of PTC; LNM, lymph node metastasis; ETT, extra-thyroid extension. Comparisons of clinical data in
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(histotypes: classic papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular variant of PTC, respectively) underwent resection of bone lesions before RAIT, so it was impossible to analyze the LPFS of bone lesions after RAIT in these cases. Therefore, 89 patients were
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Endocrinology Service, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Warthin-like, oncocytic variant PTC and PTC with high-grade features. b Solid variant, sclerosing variant, columnar variant. FVPTC, follicular variant of PTC; PTC, papillary thyroid carcinoma; RAI, radioactive iodine treatment; TCVPTC, tall
Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Institute of Biomedical Sciences of Abel Salazar (ICBAS), Porto, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University and Hospital Center of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
Medical Faculty, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Public Health Unit, ACeS Baixo Mondego, Coimbra, Portugal
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Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
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Department of Pathology, Hospital de S. João, Porto, Portugal
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) were obtained from the contralateral lobe of the surgical specimens. Carcinomas series was composed by 193 PTCs (123 cases of classical PTC (cPTC), 47 cases of follicular variant of PTC (fvPTC) and 23 cases of other PTC variants), 23 follicular thyroid
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tumors, including 10–20% of PTC, particularly in the follicular variant of PTC (fvPTC), 40–50% of FTC, and 20–40% of PDTC and ATC ( 14 ). The lower allelic frequency of RAS mutations in follicular adenomas than carcinomas might explain why they are