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Lára Ósk Eggertsdóttir Claessen
Lára Ósk Eggertsdóttir Claessen
Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Emergency Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Department of Emergency Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir
Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir
Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport, and Health (PAPESH) Research Centre, Sports Science Department, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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María Kristín Jónsdóttir
María Kristín Jónsdóttir
Mental Health Services, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Sigrún Helga Lund
Sigrún Helga Lund
deCODE Genetics, Inc/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland
School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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School of Engineering and Natural Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Ingunn Unnsteinsdóttir Kristensen
Ingunn Unnsteinsdóttir Kristensen
Department of Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Helga Ágústa Sigurjónsdóttir
Helga Ágústa Sigurjónsdóttir
Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
Department of Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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Department of Medicine, Landspitali – The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
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does not exclude GHD ( 28 , 40 ). Female athletes remain an understudied population with regards to mTBI ( 41 ) and HP following mTBI even though they appear to be more susceptible to mTBI ( 42 ) and recovery time seems longer than with male athletes
Jiaxi Li
Jiaxi Li
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Pu Huang
Pu Huang
Department of Health Management Center, Changsha Central Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Jing Xiong
Jing Xiong
Department of Endocrinology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Xinyue Liang
Xinyue Liang
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Mei Li
Mei Li
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hao Ke
Hao Ke
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chunli Chen
Chunli Chen
Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yang Han
Yang Han
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yanhong Huang
Yanhong Huang
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Yan Zhou
Yan Zhou
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Ziqiang Luo
Ziqiang Luo
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Dandan Feng
Dandan Feng
Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chen Chen
Chen Chen
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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diabetes. Serum levels of ghrelin and LEAP2 Table 2 shows serum levels of ghrelin and LEAP2, as well as the ghrelin/LEAP2 ratio of healthy adults and T2D patients in the male and female groups separately. Compared with healthy adults
Xiaonan Guo
Xiaonan Guo
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Wenjing Hu
Wenjing Hu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Xiaorui Lyu
Xiaorui Lyu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hanyuan Xu
Hanyuan Xu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Huijuan Zhu
Huijuan Zhu
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hui Pan
Hui Pan
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Linjie Wang
Linjie Wang
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Hongbo Yang
Hongbo Yang
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Fengying Gong
Fengying Gong
Key Laboratory of Endocrinology of National Health Commission, Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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( 16 ). The pituitary GH levels were about 10% of normal in males and 6% in females ( 16 ). Notably, their other anterior pituitary hormones, including prolactin, thyrotropin, luteinizing hormone, and adrenocorticotropic hormone, were within the normal
Muhammad Fahad Arshad
Muhammad Fahad Arshad
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Ahmed Iqbal
Ahmed Iqbal
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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James Weeks
James Weeks
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
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Ines Fonseca
Ines Fonseca
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
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Alia Munir
Alia Munir
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
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William Bennet
William Bennet
Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
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Weight ± s.d. (kg) 68.88 ± 16.30 105 Height ± s.d. (m 2) 1.67 ± 0.09 102 BMI ± s.d. (kg/m 2 ) 24.80 ± 5.62 102 Sex Females= 61; males =51 112 Mean Na + at baseline ± s.d. (mmol/L) 113.82 ± 6.41 112
Brijesh Krishnappa
Brijesh Krishnappa
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Ravikumar Shah
Ravikumar Shah
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Saba Samad Memon
Saba Samad Memon
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Chakra Diwaker
Chakra Diwaker
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Anurag R Lila
Anurag R Lila
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Virendra A Patil
Virendra A Patil
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Nalini S Shah
Nalini S Shah
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Tushar R Bandgar
Tushar R Bandgar
Department of Endocrinology, K E M Hospital and Seth G S Medical College, Mumbai, India
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characteristics Baseline characteristics of the total cohort are presented in Table 1 . The median age at presentation was 41 years with a female preponderance (70.1%). The median duration of symptoms onset to final diagnosis was 6 months (IQR: 2–12). The most
Mette Marie Baunsgaard
Mette Marie Baunsgaard
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe
Anne Sophie Lind Helligsoe
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Louise Tram Henriksen
Louise Tram Henriksen
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Torben Stamm Mikkelsen
Torben Stamm Mikkelsen
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Michael Callesen
Michael Callesen
Department of Paediatrics, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Funen, Denmark
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Britta Weber
Britta Weber
The Danish Center for Particle Therapy, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Henrik Hasle
Henrik Hasle
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Niels Birkebæk
Niels Birkebæk
Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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). For participants aged ≥ 20 years, Z-score data for age 20 years was applied. Target height was calculated as: ((height of father (cm) + height of mother (cm))/2) ± 6.5 cm (male/female). Statistical analyses were carried out using Stata version 17
Kirsten Davidse
Kirsten Davidse
Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Anneloes van Staa
Anneloes van Staa
Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied Sciences, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Wanda Geilvoet
Wanda Geilvoet
Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Judith P van Eck
Judith P van Eck
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Karlijn Pellikaan
Karlijn Pellikaan
Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Janneke Baan
Janneke Baan
Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
Anita C S Hokken-Koelega
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Erica L T van den Akker
Erica L T van den Akker
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Theo Sas
Theo Sas
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Diabeter, National Diabetes Care and Research Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Diabeter, National Diabetes Care and Research Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Sabine E Hannema
Sabine E Hannema
Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Department of Paediatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Department of Paediatrics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands
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Aart Jan van der Lely
Aart Jan van der Lely
Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Laura C G de Graaff
Laura C G de Graaff
Department of Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Academic Centre for Growth, Erasmus University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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statistically significant. Categorical variables are represented as percentages, and continuous variables as means and s.d. All analyses were performed using SPSS Statistics 25. Results Three hundred and eighty-seven (198 male/189 female) patients
Laura Chioma
Laura Chioma
Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Carla Bizzarri
Carla Bizzarri
Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Martina Verzani
Martina Verzani
Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Daniela Fava
Daniela Fava
Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Mariacarolina Salerno
Mariacarolina Salerno
Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Donatella Capalbo
Donatella Capalbo
Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Department of Mother and Child, University Hospital Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Chiara Guzzetti
Chiara Guzzetti
Paediatric Endocrine Unit, Paediatric Hospital Microcitemico ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
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Laura Penta
Laura Penta
Pediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Luigi Di Luigi
Luigi Di Luigi
Endocrinology Unit, Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome ‘Foro Italico’, Rome, Italy
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Natascia di Iorgi
Natascia di Iorgi
Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Mohamad Maghnie
Mohamad Maghnie
Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
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Sandro Loche
Sandro Loche
Paediatric Endocrine Unit, Paediatric Hospital Microcitemico ‘A. Cao’, AO Brotzu, Cagliari, Italy
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Marco Cappa
Marco Cappa
Endocrinology Unit, University Pediatric Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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from ectopic adiposity in girls with low birth weight and significant postnatal weight gain ( 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ). Precocious puberty is defined as the onset of thelarche before the age of 8 years in females and of testicular enlargement before 9
Julia Beckhaus
Julia Beckhaus
Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
Division of Epidemiology and Biometry, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
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Division of Epidemiology and Biometry, Carl von Ossietzky University, Oldenburg, Germany
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Svenja Boekhoff
Svenja Boekhoff
Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
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Katrin Scheinemann
Katrin Scheinemann
Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Center, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Switzerland, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children’s Hospital and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
Department of Pediatrics, McMaster Children’s Hospital and McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Freimut H Schilling
Freimut H Schilling
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children’s Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Gudrun Fleischhack
Gudrun Fleischhack
Pediatrics III, University Hospital of Essen, Essen, Germany
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Gerhard Binder
Gerhard Binder
University Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Endocrinology, University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Brigitte Bison
Brigitte Bison
Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Torsten Pietsch
Torsten Pietsch
Institute of Neuropathology, DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
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Carsten Friedrich
Carsten Friedrich
Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
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Hermann L Müller
Hermann L Müller
Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University Children’s Hospital, Carl von Ossietzky University, Klinikum Oldenburg AöR, Oldenburg, Germany
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and 2022, 361 (178 female/183 male) patients diagnosed with adamantinomatous CP at median age of 8.8 years (range: 0.01–18 years) were prospectively observed in the clinical trials/registries KRANIOPHARYNGEOM 2007 (Clinical Trial No. NCT01272622) ( 23
Dan Liang
Dan Liang
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Han Chen
Han Chen
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Li-Yong Zhong
Li-Yong Zhong
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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to hypothalamic–pituitary-–gonad axis (HPG) axis: adolescents (males aged 14–18 years, females aged 13–18 years) had follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone levels, and sex steroid hormones below the Tanner stage 2 reference values or bone
