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Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK
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persistent endothelial dysfunction in controlled patients. These findings suggest that chronic inflammation could contribute to the high prevalence of CVD risk factors in acromegaly both during active disease as well as in adequately treated patients
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Vascular Laboratory, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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such as dyslipidemia, hypercoagulable state, increased arterial stiffness, obesity and endothelial dysfunction ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). Current controversy centers on whether subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is associated with atherosclerosis. Some studies
Department of Clinical Medicine, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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atherosclerosis (AS) was reported in a large population-based study ( 2 , 3 ). Multiple lines of evidence have shown that adipokines ( 4 ), endothelial dysfunction ( 5 ) and dyslipidemia ( 6 ) play a central role in the development of AS, but the relationship
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than among those with essential hypertension (EH) ( 3 ). In addition, severe arterial stiffness is associated with the absence of complete clinical success in lateralized PA after adrenalectomy (ADX) ( 4 ). Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as a
Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Centre, Knowledge City, Lahore, Pakistan
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Division of Bone Diseases, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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developing subclinical atherosclerosis even at a young age ( 3 , 4 ). Endothelial dysfunction is an early indicator of the atherosclerotic process, and several studies have demonstrated abnormal endothelial function assessed by flow-mediated dilation and
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). Fetuin-B plays an important role in regulating lipid metabolism and can result in lipid abnormalities that increase the risk of hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and endothelial dysfunction. Fetuin-B can cause macrophages to accumulate lipids in a
Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Institution of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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endothelium and cause vascular dysfunction or disrupt vascular homeostasis. In turn, endothelial dysfunction can aggravate MetS. Vascular dysfunction is a key contributor to the pathogenesis of MetS. Our research shows that sST2 is strongly correlated with
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, 49, 50, 51) . All these factors contribute to a generalized proinflammatory state of the organism. Symptoms of metabolic syndrome are used to identify humans with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (52) . Owing to endothelial dysfunction
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cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A vast body of evidence indicates that age-related endothelial dysfunction and the vascular wall thickening and stiffening set up a metabolically and enzymatically active environment that contributes to the manifestation and
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interventional trials in PCOS patients are lacking. In the general OSA subpopulation (mostly men), there is now evidence from systematic reviews with meta-analyses that CPAP reduces blood pressure and endothelial dysfunction ( 47 , 48 , 49 ). Systematic reviews