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Endocrinology and Diabetology Unit, Diabetology and Metabolic Disease Unit, Endocrinology Unit, Unit of Human Pathology, Surgical Department, Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Pad.Granelli, Via F. Sforza, 35, 20122 Milan, Italy
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of different factors (1, 2) , which have been only partially elucidated. cAMP acts as an intracellular second messenger in the regulation of a number of different cellular processes, such as cell growth and differentiation. It is known that cAMP
Unit of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Unit of Cardiology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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VDR-null mutant mice were smaller than those in WT mice ( 22 ). Moreover, skeletal muscles from 3-week-old mice lacking VDR display an abnormally elevated expression of myogenic differentiation factors that are important for the regulation of the
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dissected cervical nodes, however, a discrepancy may exist between the absolute number of positive nodes and the substantive extent of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) node metastasis ( 1 , 2 , 6 ). Therefore, the NR, defined as the absolute number of
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been proposed that new cells with neuroendocrine-like properties originate from pre-existing epithelial cancer cells via neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) ( 12 ). NED can be replicated in vitro by the exposure of cells to agents that elevate or
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Division of General Medicine, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, IRCCS, S. Giuseppe Hospital, Piancavallo di Oggebbio (VB), Italy
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Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Introduction The incidence rates of differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) have been rising in many countries over the last few decades ( 1 , 2 ) along with a parallel increase in obesity and metabolic disorders ( 3 ). Even if the growing
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performance and confuse clinical treatment ( 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ). Ultrasound elastography (UE) has been shown to improve differentiation between benign and malignant TNs ( 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ). Sound touch elastography
Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
Second Clinical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
Second Clinical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
Second Clinical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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Key Laboratory of Medical Imaging of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
Second Clinical School, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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.g., CT and MRI) ( 5 , 8 , 12 ). Wu et al. ( 12 ) reported that quantitative dual-energy CT imaging, iodine content, slope of HU curve, and mean CT value may be valuable parameters for diagnostic differentiation between sellar meningiomas and pituitary
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Introduction Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) represents an aggressive variant of thyroid cancer that predominantly arises from the differentiated variants of papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma (PTC and FTC, respectively
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Department of Health & Life Sciences, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Department of Health & Life Sciences, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, USA
Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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decipher the underlying mechanism or the role vitamin D plays in association with myogenic differentiation. Vitamin D, a fat-soluble secosteroid prohormone, is obtained from sun exposure or from dietary sources. During exposure to sunlight 7
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, sinus tachycardia, and diastolic dysfunction ( 15 ). TSH suppression in differentiated thyroid cancer Adults Differentiated thyroid cancer, consisting of papillary and follicular thyroid cancer, is common at a relatively young age, with a