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Caroline Y Hayashi Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Danilo T A Jaune Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Cristiano C Oliveira Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Bárbara P Coelho Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Hélio A Miot Department of Dermatology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Mariângela E A Marques Department of Pathology, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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José Vicente Tagliarini Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Emanuel C Castilho Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Carlos S P Soares Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Flávia R K Oliveira Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Paula Soares Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Cancer Signaling and Metabolism Group, Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto (IPATIMUP), Porto, Portugal
Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

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Gláucia M F S Mazeto Department of Internal Medicine, Botucatu Medical School, Sao Paulo State University (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

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Introduction Thyroid cancer is the commonest endocrine neoplasia and its frequency is increasing ( 1 ). The method of choice for diagnosing these lesions is fine-needle aspiration (FNA), with cytological analysis performed using the Bethesda

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0648
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 7
Open access
Klaudia Zajkowska Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland

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Janusz Kopczyński Surgical Pathology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland

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Stanisław Góźdź Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland

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Aldona Kowalska Endocrinology, Holycross Cancer Centre, Kielce, Poland
Faculty of Health Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, Poland

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clinical practice (lower resection rates in patients with indeterminate thyroid cytologies) ( 25 ). Prevalence of NIFTP in PTC in selected Western European and American studies compared to Asian studies is presented in Table 1 . Table 1 Prevalence

Article Type:
Review Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0566
Volume/Issue:
Volume 9: Issue 3
Open access
Olav Inge Håskjold Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway

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Henrik Stenestø Foshaug UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Institute of Clinical Medicine

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Therese Benedikte Iversen Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Harstad, Norway

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Helga Charlotte Kjøren Department of Radiology, University Hospital of North Norway, Harstad, Norway

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Vegard Heimly Brun Department of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway
UiT – The Arctic University of Norway, Institute of Clinical Medicine

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Introduction Surgery of the thyroid gland can be indicated because of compression symptoms, thyrotoxicosis, or cancer. However, typically 35–40% of surgeries in Europe are made when examination including fine-needle cytology (FNC) biopsy fail

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0192
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 7
Open access
Elizabeth J de Koster Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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Olga Husson Department of Psychosocial Research and Epidemiology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Medical Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Division of Clinical Studies, Institute of Cancer Research, London, UK

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Eveline W C M van Dam Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

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G Sophie Mijnhout Department of Internal Medicine, Isala Hospital, Zwolle, The Netherlands

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Romana T Netea-Maier Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

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Wim J G Oyen Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, The Netherlands
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Humanitas Clinical and Research Centre, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy

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Marieke Snel Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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Lioe-Fee de Geus-Oei Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
Biomedical Photonic Imaging Group, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands

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Dennis Vriens Department of Radiology, Section of Nuclear Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands

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for the EfFECTS trial study group
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% of the general population ( 1 , 2 ). Ultrasound and fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) are the first steps in the diagnostic workup ( 3 ). Approximately 25% of cytology results are indeterminate, including atypia of undetermined significance or

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0014
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 8
Open access
Ayana Suzuki Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan

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Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa Department of Diagnostic Pathology and Cytology, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan

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Izumi Otsuka Secretary Section, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan

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Akihiro Miya Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan

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Akira Miyauchi Department of Surgery, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan

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Takashi Akamizu Department of Internal Medicine, Kuma Hospital, Kobe, Japan

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solid area (a–c), and the whole tumor (d–f) in the three directions were measured. The following findings were obtained from the electronic medical records: age, sex, ultrasound and cytology reports, and postoperative course. The cytology

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0040
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 6
Open access
Erik Rösner Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany

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Daniel Kaemmerer Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Zentralklinik Bad Berka, Bad Berka, Germany

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Elisa Neubauer Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany

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Jörg Sänger Laboratory of Pathology and Cytology Bad Berka, Bad Berka, Germany

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Amelie Lupp Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany

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for 21 samples. The vast majority of the main study samples were resected specimens, but also 15 biopsies were included. All samples for the pilot and main studies were provided by the Institute of Pathology and Cytology Bad Berka, Bad Berka, Germany

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-20-0540
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 2
Open access
Dongyan Han Department of Pathology, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Min Ding Department of General Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Rongli Xie Department of General Surgery, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Zhengshi Wang Thyroid Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Guohui Xiao Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Xiaohong Wang Shanghai Rigen Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Shanghai, China

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Lei Dong Department of Pathology, Shanghai Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Zhiqiang Yin Thyroid Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Center of Thyroid Diseases, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

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Jian Fei Department of General Surgery, Pancreatic Disease Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Research Institute of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

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–24% of FNABs cannot be diagnosed definitively ( 7 ). Still, cytology alone is only a snapshot of the nodule cells at a precise point in time and cannot predict the evolution of the nodule. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) provides diagnostic assistance

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0135
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 8
Open access
Yosep Chong Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Soon-Jin Ji Medical Library, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Chang Suk Kang Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Eun Jung Lee Department of Hospital Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Introduction Conventional smear (CS) using fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been well established during the last few decades as the diagnostic test of choice for making initial diagnosis and treatment plans for thyroid lesions ( 1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0165
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 8
Open access
Irfan Vardarli 5th Medical Department, Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany

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Susanne Tan Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Clinical Chemistry – Division of Laboratory Research Endocrine Tumor Center at WTZ/Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Rainer Görges Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Bernhard K Krämer 5th Medical Department, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany

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Ken Herrmann Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Christoph Brochhausen Institue of Pathology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany

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, there is a need to avoid unnecessary thyroid surgery. The guidelines recommend the use of molecular tests for further management of thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology (ITN); however, for the choice of the suitable method and the interpretation

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0170
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 7
Open access
Adrian F Daly Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège Université, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium

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Liliya Rostomyan Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège Université, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium

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Daniela Betea Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège Université, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium

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Jean-François Bonneville Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège Université, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium

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Chiara Villa Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège Université, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium
Department of Pathological Cytology and Anatomy, Foch Hospital, Paris, France

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Natalia S Pellegata Institute for Diabetes and Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany

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Beatrice Waser Division of Cell Biology and Experimental Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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Jean-Claude Reubi Division of Cell Biology and Experimental Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

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Catherine Waeber Stephan Clinique Générale Ste-Anne, Fribourg, Switzerland

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Emanuel Christ Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland

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Albert Beckers Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Liège, Liège Université, Domaine Universitaire du Sart-Tilman, Liège, Belgium

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Acromegaly is a rare disease due to chronic excess growth hormone (GH) and IGF-1. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor interacting protein (AIP) mutations are associated with an aggressive, inheritable form of acromegaly that responds poorly to SST2-specific somatostatin analogs (SSA). The role of pasireotide, an SSA with affinity for multiple SSTs, in patients with AIP mutations has not been reported. We studied two AIP mutation positive acromegaly patients with early-onset, invasive macroadenomas and inoperable residues after neurosurgery. Patient 1 came from a FIPA kindred and had uncontrolled GH/IGF-1 throughout 10 years of octreotide/lanreotide treatment. When switched to pasireotide LAR, he rapidly experienced hormonal control which was associated with marked regression of his tumor residue. Pasireotide LAR was stopped after >10 years due to low IGF-1 and he maintained hormonal control without tumor regrowth for >18 months off pasireotide LAR. Patient 2 had a pituitary adenoma diagnosed when aged 17 that was not cured by surgery. Chronic pasireotide LAR therapy produced hormonal control and marked tumor shrinkage but control was lost when switched to octreotide. Tumor immunohistochemistry showed absent AIP and SST2 staining and positive SST5. Her AIP mutation positive sister developed a 2.5 cm follicular thyroid carcinoma aged 21 with tumoral loss of heterozygosity at the AIP locus and absent AIP staining. Patients 1 and 2 required multi-modal therapy to control diabetes. On stopping pasireotide LAR after >10 years of treatment, Patient 1’s glucose metabolism returned to baseline levels. Long-term pasireotide LAR therapy can be beneficial in some AIP mutation positive acromegaly patients that are resistant to first-generation SSA.

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-19-0004
Volume/Issue:
Volume 8: Issue 4
Open access