they comprise a heterogeneous group of cancers. Thus, tumor types range from histamine-secreting gastric ‘carcinoids’ to a mélange of pancreatic lesions (secreting glucagon, insulin, somatostatin, or vasoactive polypeptide – colloquially known as islet
A PCR blood test outperforms chromogranin A in carcinoid detection and is unaffected by proton pump inhibitors
Irvin M Modlin, Harry Aslanian, Lisa Bodei, Ignat Drozdov, and Mark Kidd
Multidisciplinary team management of carcinoid heart disease
Richard P Steeds, Vandana Sagar, Shishir Shetty, Tessa Oelofse, Harjot Singh, Raheel Ahmad, Elizabeth Bradley, Rachel Moore, Suzanne Vickrage, Stacey Smith, Ivan Yim, Yasir S Elhassan, Hema Venkataraman, John Ayuk, Stephen Rooney, and Tahir Shah
carcinoid syndrome (CS), consisting of facial flushing, diarrhoea and occasionally bronchospasm ( 1 ). Primary NETs within the ovaries are uncommon but can also cause CS and CHD by direct release of bioactive amines into the inferior vena cava or renal vein
Intraoperative carcinoid syndrome during small-bowel neuroendocrine tumour surgery
Myrtille Fouché, Yves Bouffard, Mary-Charlotte Le Goff, Johanne Prothet, François Malavieille, Pierre Sagnard, Françoise Christin, Davy Hayi-Slayman, Arnaud Pasquer, Gilles Poncet, Thomas Walter, and Thomas Rimmelé
Introduction Small-bowel neuroendocrine tumours (SB-NETs) are rare secreting neoplasms. Hormones (serotonin, histamine, bradykinin, prostaglandins and chromogranin-A) released into the systemic circulation can lead to a carcinoid syndrome (CS
Prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in bronchopulmonary neuroendocrine tumours
Erik Rösner, Daniel Kaemmerer, Elisa Neubauer, Jörg Sänger, and Amelie Lupp
most often found in the gastrointestinal tract or the lung. Bronchopulmonary NEN (BP-NEN) are classified into low-grade, well-differentiated typical carcinoids (TC), intermediate-grade atypical carcinoids (AC) and high-grade, poorly differentiated
Nationwide multicenter study on the management of pulmonary neuroendocrine (carcinoid) tumors
Samira M Sadowski, Emanuel Christ, Benoit Bédat, Attila Kollár, Wolfram Karenovics, Aurel Perren, Frédéric Triponez, and on behalf of the SwissNET registry
Introduction Neuroendocrine tumors of the lungs (LNET) represent approximately 30% of all NET ( 1 , 2 ) and account for 1–2% of all lung tumors. Lung NETs are classified into typical carcinoid (TC, low-grade tumors) and atypical carcinoid (AC
PD-1 and PD-L1 expression in pulmonary carcinoid tumors and their association to tumor spread
Tiina Vesterinen, Teijo Kuopio, Maarit Ahtiainen, Aija Knuuttila, Harri Mustonen, Kaisa Salmenkivi, Johanna Arola, and Caj Haglund
Introduction Pulmonary carcinoid (PC) tumors are low- and intermediate-grade neoplasms that are subdivided into typical carcinoid (TC) and atypical carcinoid (AC) based on the mitotic count and presence of necrosis ( 1 ). PCs belong to
Bone metastases from neuroendocrine tumors: clinical and biological considerations
Matteo Scopel, Eugenio De Carlo, Francesca Bergamo, Sabina Murgioni, Riccardo Carandina, Anna Rita Cervino, Marta Burei, Federica Vianello, Vittorina Zagonel, Matteo Fassan, and Roberto Vettor
, appendix 5 11 1 4 Multiple sites 1 2 1 4 Unknown 11 23 Grading <0.001 Atypical carcinoid 3 6 4 16 Typical carcinoid 1 2 3 12 G1 8 17 9 36 G
Molecular prognostic factors in small-intestinal neuroendocrine tumours
K G Samsom, L M van Veenendaal, G D Valk, M R Vriens, M E T Tesselaar, and J G van den Berg
with metastatic small-intestinal NETs (SI-NETs), the carcinoid syndrome is common, which is characterised by diarrhoea, episodic flushing, bronchospasm and often carcinoid heart disease leading to right valvular dysfunction ( 4 ). Patients with non
A Delphic consensus assessment: imaging and biomarkers in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumor disease management
Kjell Oberg, Eric Krenning, Anders Sundin, Lisa Bodei, Mark Kidd, Margot Tesselaar, Valentina Ambrosini, Richard P Baum, Matthew Kulke, Marianne Pavel, Jaroslaw Cwikla, Ignat Drozdov, Massimo Falconi, Nicola Fazio, Andrea Frilling, Robert Jensen, Klaus Koopmans, Tiny Korse, Dik Kwekkeboom, Helmut Maecke, Giovanni Paganelli, Ramon Salazar, Stefano Severi, Jonathan Strosberg, Vikas Prasad, Aldo Scarpa, Ashley Grossman, Annemeik Walenkamp, Mauro Cives, Irene Virgolini, Andreas Kjaer, and Irvin M Modlin
IMPK mutation in a single small bowel carcinoid family ( 81 ) remains to be defined. In addition, the clinical usefulness of chemical-based DNA modifications e.g., methylation, requires elucidation. Alternatives to DNA-based molecular strategies
Comparison of 24-h and overnight samples of urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid in patients with intestinal neuroendocrine tumors
Merete Gedde-Dahl, Espen Thiis-Evensen, Andreas Myklebust Tjølsen, Kjerstin Skrede Mordal, Morten Vatn, and Deidi S Bergestuen
with endocrine functions (1) . Small intestinal NETs often produce vasoactive substances that may result in the carcinoid syndrome, symptoms of which include flushing, diarrhea, carcinoid heart disease, and bronchospasm. The syndrome is almost
