more rapid feminisation with greater testosterone suppression and enhanced breast development ( 2 ), however, others raise concerns regarding breast cancer and cardiovascular disease risk with the use of progestins ( 3 ). Due to a lack of evidence
Effects of low-dose oral micronised progesterone on sleep, psychological distress, and breast development in transgender individuals undergoing feminising hormone therapy: a prospective controlled study
Brendan J Nolan, Aviva S Frydman, Shalem Y Leemaqz, Meg Carroll, Mathis Grossmann, Jeffrey D Zajac, and Ada S Cheung
Urinary estrogen metabolites and breast cancer risk in Chinese population
Xiaomin Li, Ling Fang, Hongjiang Li, and Xiaoqin Yang
Introduction Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the mammary gland. It is the leading female malignant tumor, posing a major threat to women’s health globally. However, the incidence of breast cancer worldwide, including China
Phase I trial of the androgen receptor modulator CR1447 in breast cancer patients
Martin Zweifel, Beat Thürlimann, Salome Riniker, Patrik Weder, Roger von Moos, Olivia Pagani, Martin Bigler, Karin M Rothgiesser, Christiane Pilop, Hanne Hawle, Peter Brauchli, Coya Tapia, Wolfgang Schoenfeld, Cristiana Sessa, and for the Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK)
Introduction For the treatment of breast cancer (BC), testosterone was already used extensively between the 1930s and 1960s with anecdotal tumour responses (especially in bone metastases) seen in up to 20% of treated women ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
pS6K1 as an efficacy marker of GnRH agonist with premenopausal breast cancer
Chan Sub Park, Jihye Choi, Min-Ki Seong, Sung-Eun Hong, Jae-Sung Kim, In-Chul Park, Hyesil Seol, Woo Chul Noh, and Hyun-Ah Kim
Introduction Estradiol is a key factor for tumorigenesis and prognosis of hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. Although estradiol is produced mainly by the ovary in premenopausal women, the adrenal gland and adipocytes are also
Risk of primary brain tumour after breast cancer
Anne M Drewes, Maria E Møller, Rasmus Hertzum-Larsen, Gerda Engholm, and Hans H Storm
Introduction Survival after breast cancer has improved substantially worldwide over recent decades. Due to the high and increasing incidence of breast cancer in the developed world, the survivor cohort is big, and the possibility of long
Serum levels of polyamine synthesis enzymes increase in diabetic patients with breast cancer
V Kenan Çelik, Sercan Kapancık, Turgut Kaçan, Selen Baloglu Kaçan, Serkan Kapancık, and Hasan Kılıçgün
11 adults has diabetes and this ratio will be increased 1/10 in 2040. Type II diabetes, the most common form of diabetes, increases with changing cultural and social changes. Many years ago, breast cancer was found to be more common in diabetic
Evaluation of CYP17A1 and CYP1B1 polymorphisms in male breast cancer risk
Piera Rizzolo, Valentina Silvestri, Virginia Valentini, Veronica Zelli, Agostino Bucalo, Ines Zanna, Simonetta Bianchi, Maria Grazia Tibiletti, Antonio Russo, Liliana Varesco, Gianluca Tedaldi, Bernardo Bonanni, Jacopo Azzollini, Siranoush Manoukian, Anna Coppa, Giuseppe Giannini, Laura Cortesi, Alessandra Viel, Marco Montagna, Paolo Peterlongo, Paolo Radice, Domenico Palli, and Laura Ottini
Introduction Male breast cancer (MBC) is a rare disease, representing about 1% of all breast cancers (BCs) and less than 1% of all cancers in men ( 1 ). Germline pathogenic variants in BC genes, particularly BRCA1 , BRCA2 and PALB2 genes
BRIP1 overexpression is correlated with clinical features and survival outcome of luminal breast cancer subtypes
Ishita Gupta, Allal Ouhtit, Adil Al-Ajmi, Syed Gauhar A Rizvi, Hamad Al-Riyami, Marwa Al-Riyami, and Yahya Tamimi
Introduction Breast cancer is the most common among women, affecting 25% of female population worldwide and more than a million new cases are diagnosed every year ( 1 ). Environmental components are considered serious risk factors, whereas
Leptin induces cell migration and invasion in a FAK-Src-dependent manner in breast cancer cells
Juan Carlos Juárez-Cruz, Miriam Daniela Zuñiga-Eulogio, Monserrat Olea-Flores, Eduardo Castañeda-Saucedo, Miguel Ángel Mendoza-Catalán, Carlos Ortuño-Pineda, Ma Elena Moreno-Godínez, Sócrates Villegas-Comonfort, Teresita Padilla-Benavides, and Napoleón Navarro-Tito
Introduction Breast cancer is the most common invasive neoplasia and the second-leading cause of cancer-related death in women worldwide. Over 2,000,000 cases are diagnosed annually worldwide, which represents the highest incidence of cancer
Therapeutic advances in hormone-dependent cancers: focus on prostate, breast and ovarian cancers
Michael Ulm, Arvind V Ramesh, Keely M McNamara, Suriyan Ponnusamy, Hironobu Sasano, and Ramesh Narayanan
Introduction As a class, hormone-dependent cancers, including cancers of the breast, prostate and ovaries, contribute to the majority of cancer incidences in the United States and around the world. Over 400,000 men and women were affected by
