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Rossella Cannarella Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Teresa Mattina Genetics, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Rosita A Condorelli Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Laura M Mongioì Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Giuseppe Pandini Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Sandro La Vignera Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Aldo E Calogero Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Introduction Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor ( IGF1R ) gene, made up of 315,991 base pairs, maps on the 15q26.3 chromosome. It encodes for a protein with a tyrosine kinase domain, which binds the IGF1 and is responsible for its

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0158
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 7
Open access
Louise Færch Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark

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Anders Juul Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark

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Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark

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Birger Thorsteinsson Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark
Department of Cardiology, Department of Growth and Reproduction, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nephrology and Endocrinology H, Hillerød University Hospital, Dyrehavevej 29, DK-3400 Hillerød, Denmark

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, normal GH secretion is important to avoid progression of hypoglycemic episodes into severe hypoglycemia. GH is reflected by insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), which is used to evaluate the GH axis, because GH has great diurnal variation. Total IGF1 has

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-12-0012
Volume/Issue:
Volume 1: Issue 1
Open access
P R van Dijk Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands

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S J J Logtenberg Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands

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K H Groenier Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands

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N Kleefstra Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands

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H J G Bilo Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands

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H J Arnqvist Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands
Diabetes Centre, Departments of Internal Medicine, General Practice, Langerhans Medical Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cell Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Isala Clinics, PO Box 10400, 8000 G.K. Zwolle, The Netherlands

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Introduction Insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) are structurally and functionally closely related peptides. IGF1, mainly synthesized in the liver after stimulation of the GH receptor, plays a central role in cell metabolism and growth

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-13-0089
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 1
Open access
K L Gatford School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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G K Heinemann School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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S D Thompson School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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J V Zhang School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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S Buckberry School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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J A Owens School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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G A Dekker School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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C T Roberts School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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on behalf of the SCOPE Consortium School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, Robinson Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia

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Introduction The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs), IGF1 and IGF2, are important regulators of placental and foetal development, as well as postnatal growth and metabolism. In humans, circulating IGF1 peaks in adolescence and then falls with age

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0068
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 3
Open access
Xu-Ting Song Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Jia-Nan Zhang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Duo-Wei Zhao Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Yu-Fei Zhai Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Qi Lu Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Mei-Yu Qi Institute of Animal Husbandry, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China

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Ming-Hai Lu Department of Animal Science, Heilongjiang State Farms Science Technology Vocational College, Harbin, China

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Shou-Long Deng CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China

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Hong-Bing Han Beijing Key Laboratory of Animal Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China

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Xiu-Qin Yang Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Yu-Chang Yao Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Education Department of Heilongjiang Province, College of Animal Science and Technology

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Introduction Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), also known as somatomedin C, has remarkable diversity in terms of biological effects. It is widely recognized that IGF1 is essential for the regulation of normal growth ( 1 ), development ( 2

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0181
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
Open access
Rossella Cannarella Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Andrea Crafa Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Sandro La Vignera Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Rosita A Condorelli Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Aldo E Calogero Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy

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Introduction The acromegaly levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) that occur in healthy children in pubertal age have led to the speculation that this hormone may stimulate the function of the hypothalamus–pituitary–testicular (HPT

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0252
Volume/Issue:
Volume 10: Issue 9
Open access
Elvira C Arellanes-Licea Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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José Ávila-Mendoza Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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Elizabeth C Ramírez-Martínez Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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Eugenia Ramos Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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Nancy Uribe-González Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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Carlos Arámburo Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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Teresa Morales Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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Maricela Luna Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro, México

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actions can take place by binding of GH to its specific receptor (GHR), which is present in different regions of the CNS ( 24 , 25 ). GH binding can have a direct effect on the target cell ( 26 ) or can be mediated by the induction of IGF1 synthesis ( 27

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0380
Volume/Issue:
Volume 7: Issue 2
Open access
Mette Faurholdt Gude Medical/Steno Aarhus Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Rikke Hjortebjerg Department of Molecular Endocrinology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Centre Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark

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Mette Bjerre Medical/Steno Aarhus Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark

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Morten Haaning Charles Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Daniel R Witte Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Annelli Sandbæk Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Steno Diabetes Centre Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark

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Jan Frystyk Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital & Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark

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likely related to its ability to increase insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) action. PAPP-A activates IGF1 through proteolytic cleavage of IGF-binding proteins (IGFBP) -2, -4 and -5, which provides IGFBP fragments with low ligand affinity. By this

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Cardiovascular
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0451
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 3
Open access
A J Varewijck Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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A J van der Lely Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S J C M M Neggers Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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S W J Lamberts Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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L J Hofland Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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J A M J L Janssen Erasmus MC, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, Room D-443, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands

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Introduction Acromegaly is characterized by excess secretion of growth hormone (GH) causing multisystem-associated morbidities and increased mortality. GH is considered as the main regulator of circulating total insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-14-0028
Volume/Issue:
Volume 3: Issue 2
Open access
R Solomon-Zemler Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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L Basel-Vanagaite Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center – Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel
Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Petach Tikva, Israel
Pediatric Genetics, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel

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D Steier Day Hospitalization Department, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel

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S Yakar David B. Kriser Dental Center, Department of Basic Science and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA

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E Mel Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel

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M Phillip Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel

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L Bazak Raphael Recanati Genetic Institute, Rabin Medical Center – Beilinson Hospital, Petach Tikva, Israel

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D Bercovich Tel-Hai College, Tel-Hai, Israel

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H Werner Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Shalom and VardaYoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

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L de Vries Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
Jesse Z. and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel

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specific (genetic or other) defect can be recognized. Growth and developmental conditions under the umbrella of congenital insulin-like growth factor-1 ( IGF-1 ) deficiencies include: (i) growth hormone (GH) releasing hormone-receptor ( GHRH-R ) defect

Article Type:
Research Article
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-17-0038
Volume/Issue:
Volume 6: Issue 6
Open access