Alberto Giacinto Ambrogio
Alberto Giacinto Ambrogio
Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Massimiliano Andrioli
Massimiliano Andrioli
Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Martina De Martin
Martina De Martin
Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Francesco Cavagnini
Francesco Cavagnini
Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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Francesca Pecori Giraldi
Francesca Pecori Giraldi
Neuroendocrinology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS, Milan, Italy
Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Introduction First-line treatment of Cushing’s disease is surgical removal of the ACTH-secreting pituitary tumor and worldwide remission rates range from 60 to 80% ( 1 , 2 , 3 ). The tumor may recur, however, most often within two years of
Prachi Bansal
Prachi Bansal
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Anurag Lila
Anurag Lila
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Manjunath Goroshi
Manjunath Goroshi
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Swati Jadhav
Swati Jadhav
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nilesh Lomte
Nilesh Lomte
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Kunal Thakkar
Kunal Thakkar
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Atul Goel
Atul Goel
Department of Neurosurgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Abhidha Shah
Abhidha Shah
Department of Neurosurgery, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Shilpa Sankhe
Shilpa Sankhe
Department of Radiology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Naina Goel
Naina Goel
Department of Pathology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Neelam Jaguste
Neelam Jaguste
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Tushar Bandgar
Tushar Bandgar
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Nalini Shah
Nalini Shah
Department of Endocrinology, Seth G.S. Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Introduction Cushing’s disease (CD) is a state of cortisol excess, caused by an ACTH-secreting pituitary adenoma. Although a rare disease with an annual incidence of 1.5 patients/million ( 1 ), it is associated with significant morbidity and
Emmanuelle Motte
Emmanuelle Motte
UFR des Sciences de la Santé, Simone Veil, Université Versailles St-Quentin en Yvelines, Montigny le Bretonneux, France
Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Bicêtre Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Bicêtre Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Anya Rothenbuhler
Anya Rothenbuhler
Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Bicêtre Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
APHP, Plateforme d’Expertise Maladies Rares Paris Sud, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Plateforme d’Expertise Maladies Rares Paris Sud, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Stephan Gaillard
Stephan Gaillard
Department of Neurosurgery, Foch Hospital, Suresnes, France
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Najiba Lahlou
Najiba Lahlou
APHP, Department of Hormonal Biology, Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
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Cécile Teinturier
Cécile Teinturier
Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Bicêtre Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
APHP, Plateforme d’Expertise Maladies Rares Paris Sud, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Plateforme d’Expertise Maladies Rares Paris Sud, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Régis Coutant
Régis Coutant
Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
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Agnès Linglart
Agnès Linglart
Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes for Children, Bicêtre Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
APHP, Plateforme d’Expertise Maladies Rares Paris Sud, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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APHP, Plateforme d’Expertise Maladies Rares Paris Sud, Bicêtre Paris Sud Hospital, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Introduction Cushing’s disease (CD) is characterized by adrenocorticotropin (ACTH)-dependent cortisol excess originating from a pituitary adenoma and accounts for approximately 85% of cases of pediatric Cushing’s syndrome ( 1 , 2 , 3 , 4
Hong Jiang
Hong Jiang
Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Lu-Wan Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Lu-Wan Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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WenJie Yang
WenJie Yang
Department of Radiology, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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QingFang Sun
QingFang Sun
Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Lu-Wan Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Lu-Wan Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chang Liu
Chang Liu
The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
College of Information Technology and Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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College of Information Technology and Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
College of Computer Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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LiuGuan Bian
LiuGuan Bian
Department of Neurosurgery, Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Introduction Cushing’s disease (CD) is a rare disorder of chronic hypercortisolism exposure caused by an adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)-secreting pituitary adenoma ( 1 ). Hypercortisolism can induce a variety of physical manifestations
Pablo Abellán-Galiana
Pablo Abellán-Galiana
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital General Universitari de Castelló, Castellón, Spain
Department of Medicine, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Castellón, Spain
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Department of Medicine, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Castellón, Spain
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Carmen Fajardo-Montañana
Carmen Fajardo-Montañana
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Spain
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Pedro Riesgo-Suárez
Pedro Riesgo-Suárez
Department of Neurosurgery, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Spain
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Marcelino Pérez-Bermejo
Marcelino Pérez-Bermejo
Department of Nursing, Universidad Católica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Celia Ríos-Pérez
Celia Ríos-Pérez
Centro de Salud Tavernes de la Valldigna, Hospital Comarcal Francesc de Borja, Gandía, Spain
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José Gómez-Vela
José Gómez-Vela
Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Spain
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Introduction Transsphenoidal surgery is the treatment of choice in Cushing’s disease (CD). Following removal of the pituitary adenoma, the remission rate varies between 25 and 100% (mean 77.8%, median 78.7%), and the recurrence rate ranges
Nidan Qiao
Nidan Qiao
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Introduction Cushing’s disease (CD) is a subtype of pituitary adenoma with hypercortisolism and presents a particular challenge to neurosurgeons. Transsphenoidal surgery (TS) has long been the standard of care for patients with CD ( 1 , 2
Lang Qin
Lang Qin
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xiaoming Zhu
Xiaoming Zhu
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xiaoxia Liu
Xiaoxia Liu
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Meifang Zeng
Meifang Zeng
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ran Tao
Ran Tao
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yan Zhuang
Yan Zhuang
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yiting Zhou
Yiting Zhou
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhaoyun Zhang
Zhaoyun Zhang
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
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Yehong Yang
Yehong Yang
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yiming Li
Yiming Li
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yongfei Wang
Yongfei Wang
Division of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
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Shanghai Pituitary Tumor Center, Shanghai, China
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Hongying Ye
Hongying Ye
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Introduction Hypertension is a common chronic condition in patients with Cushing’s disease (CD) and may be the first sign ( 1 ). The pathogenesis of glucocorticoid-induced hypertension is not fully understood. It is thought to be related in
Boni Xiang
Boni Xiang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Ran Tao
Ran Tao
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xinhua Liu
Xinhua Liu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Xiaoming Zhu
Xiaoming Zhu
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Min He
Min He
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zengyi Ma
Zengyi Ma
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yehong Yang
Yehong Yang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhaoyun Zhang
Zhaoyun Zhang
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yiming Li
Yiming Li
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhenwei Yao
Zhenwei Yao
Department of Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Yongfei Wang
Yongfei Wang
Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Hongying Ye
Hongying Ye
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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(ACTH)-dependent ( 1 ), and 20% is ACTH-independent. Pituitary corticotroph adenoma (Cushing’s disease (CD)) is the most common cause ( 2 ), followed by primary unilateral adrenal adenomas and ectopic adrenocorticotropic syndrome (EAS). The clinical
Agata Hanna Bryk-Wiązania
Agata Hanna Bryk-Wiązania
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Mari Minasyan
Mari Minasyan
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Alicja Hubalewska-Dydejczyk
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska
Aleksandra Gilis-Januszewska
Chair and Department of Endocrinology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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Department of Endocrinology, Oncological Endocrinology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Krakow, Poland
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( 12 , 21 ). Cushing’s disease (CD) was diagnosed by the presence of a pituitary adenoma, increased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) with at least a 40% increase in corticotropin-releasing hormone stimulation test and/or positive central
Anastasia P Athanasoulia-Kaspar
Anastasia P Athanasoulia-Kaspar
Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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Matthias K Auer
Matthias K Auer
Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Günter K Stalla
Günter K Stalla
Clinical Neuroendocrinology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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Mira Jakovcevski
Mira Jakovcevski
Department of Stress Neurobiology and Neurogenetics, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
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premature aging by inducing accelerated telomere shortening, which might be an explanation for persistent high morbidity and other clinical consequences associated with Cushing’s disease, even years after successful treatment for hypercortisolism. This
