Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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hyperthyroidism ( 4 , 5 ). B cells are the source of pathognomonic activating autoantibodies (TRAb) against TSHR in GD ( 6 , 7 ). B cells also present antigens to T cells ( 8 ). Although B cells are essential for GD pathogenesis, little is known regarding the
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR), commonly referred to as TRAb. These antibodies, generated by B-cell clones, prompt the production of thyroid hormones. TRAb specifically binds to TSHR, initiating the activation of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) pathway, and
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Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
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orbit is believed to occur mainly due to stimulating influence of TRAb secreted by B-cells infiltrating the thyroid gland. In consequence, the fibroblasts of the periorbital tissue are stimulated to produce extracellular matrix components and
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Department of Pharmacology, Department of Biology, Toxicology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine, University of Kansas Medical Center, Room 4061 of KLSIC Building, 2146 West 39th Street, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA
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-1 cells or NK cells are also involved in the mediation of this immune response (9, 13, 14, 15) . We have recently shown that B cells and the formation of hapten-specific antibodies (Abs) play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hapten-induced CHS
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, in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), it was shown that the poorer survival rate in males vs females was mainly seen before women entered the menopause ( 11 ). In addition, an association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and number of pregnancies
Molecular Reproductive Research Group, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, FORTH, Heraklion, Greece
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Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
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Reproductive Medicine Centre, Skåne University Hospital Malmö, Malmö, Sweden
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immune responses and susceptibility to autoimmunity and inflammatory diseases. B-cell activating factor (BAFF) also known as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand superfamily member 13B is a cytokine of the TNF family that is causally linked to the
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bars indicate that the interventions took place in the second half of the first year: white-striped red and blue bars represent interventions after the first year. The patient with a solitary B-cell lymphoma diagnosed in the second year after RFA is
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Representative histological figures of diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (DSVPTC) and thyroid diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). (A) Histopathology of DSVPTC showing the carcinoma had numerous psammoma bodies, papillary structures and
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Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) was analyzed by the Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). TIMER is a widely used tool for analyzing gene expression and infiltration of six immune cell types (B cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, neutrophils, macrophages, and
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activation continues during the later stages of this disease. In addition, it is not known whether this reactivity is limited to B-cells or whether it also occurs in T-cells. To investigate this phenomenon in T-lymphocytes, whole blood samples from type 1