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Qing Zhou Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Li Yong Zhang Department of Thyroid Surgery, Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Mei Feng Dai Department of Clinical Lab, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Zhen Li Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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Chao Chun Zou Department of Endocrinology, The Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

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Hui Liu Department of Endocrinology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Fujian Children’s Hospital, Fuzhou, China

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involved in the development of insulin resistance ( 6 , 7 ). c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), a kinase that is activated in the early ER stress response, is involved in insulin resistance, which suppresses insulin signaling via the serine phosphorylation of

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0302
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 8
Open access
Waleed K W Al-Badri Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Hinke Marijke Jellema Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Arnaud R G G Potvin Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Ruth M A van Nispen Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Public Health research institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Peter H Bisschop Department of Endocrinology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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Peerooz Saeed Orbital center Amsterdam, Department of Ophthalmology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands

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studies show association, others don’t ( 34 , 42 , 44 , 46 , 49 , 50 ) Treatment response Improvement after treatment Improvement after treatment Improvement in psychiatric symptoms in hyperthyroid and GD patients after treatment of

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0259
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 9
Open access
Jakub Supronik Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Małgorzata Szelachowska Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Adam Kretowski Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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Katarzyna Siewko Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland

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thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)-receptor antibodies (TSHR Ab, TRAb) levels, oxidative stress, or hypercholesterolemia. Several genetic factors were also investigated, but the results are inconclusive up to date ( 7 ). In GO, the inflammation in the

Article Type:
Review Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0303
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 12
Open access
Katica Bajuk Studen Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Simona Gaberšček Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Edvard Pirnat Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Nataša Bedernjak Bajuk Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Andreja Vendramin Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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Vito Majcen Department of Nuclear Medicine, SB Celje, Celje, Slovenia

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Katja Zaletel Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia

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insufficient response to an adrenal stimulating test develops clinically significant complications depends on the presence of stress and can change relatively fast. Adrenal insufficiency should therefore always be taken seriously ( 10 , 25 ). We believe this

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0054
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 11
Open access
Bushra Shahida Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Tereza Planck Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Tania Singh Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden

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Peter Åsman Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Ophthalmology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Ophthalmology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Mikael Lantz Department of Clinical Sciences, Genomics, Diabetes and Endocrinology, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
Department of Diabetes & Endocrinology, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden

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Introduction Graves’ disease (GD) and Graves’ ophthalmopathy (GO) are both complex autoimmune diseases that are caused by an interplay of environmental factors and genetic susceptibility ( 1 ). Risk factors such as smoking, emotional stress

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-23-0374
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 6
Open access
Till Ittermann Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Rehman Mehmood Khattak Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
Department of Zoology, Islamia College Peshawar (CU), Peshawar, Pakistan

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Marcello R P Markus Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Jens-Peter Kühn Institute of Radiology, University Hospital, Carl-Gustav-Carus University, Dresden, Germany

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Marie-Luise Kromrey Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Giovanni Targher Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy

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Antje Steveling Department of Internal Medicine A, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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Matthias Nauck Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Greifswald, University Medicine, Greifswald, Germany

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Henry Völzke Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

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-START, 6265 individuals aged 20–79 years were selected from population registries, of which 4308 individuals (response 68.8%) participated between 1997 and 2001 ( 14 ). For the present analysis, we used data from the second follow-up (SHIP-START-2), in which

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0566
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Josi Vidart Thyroid Section, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Intensive Care Unit, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Paula Jaskulski Internal Medicine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Internal Medicine Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Ana Laura Kunzler Internal Medicine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Internal Medicine Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Rafael Aguiar Marschner Thyroid Section, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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André Ferreira de Azeredo da Silva Internal Medicine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Internal Medicine Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Simone Magagnin Wajner Thyroid Section, Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
Internal Medicine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Internal Medicine Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

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Experimental Medicine 2015 8 10114 – 10121 . 42 Van den Berghe G The neuroendocrine response to stress is a dynamic process . Best Practice and Research: Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 2001 15 405 – 419 . ( https://doi.org/10.1053/beem.2001

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-21-0504
Volume/Issue:
Volume 11: Issue 2
Open access
Aglaia Kyrilli Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.) - Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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Bernard Corvilain Department of Endocrinology, Hôpital Universitaire de Bruxelles (H.U.B.) - Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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Sofie Bliddal Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Copenhagen University Hospital (Hvidovre Hospital), Hvidovre, Denmark

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Dorthe Hansen Precht Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
Carelink Nærhospital, Roskilde, Denmark

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Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Copenhagen, Denmark
Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Clinical Research, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark

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Kris Poppe Department of Endocrinology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Saint-Pierre, Brussels, Belgium
Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Brussels, Belgium

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longitudinal cohort of pregnant women attending prenatal care at Copenhagen University Hospital (Rigshospitalet), Denmark, from August 1996 to May 1997. A total of 1605 women participating in a pregnancy and stress factors project, filled in a health

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0151
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 9
Open access
Hui Li Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.

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Peng Wu Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University/Hunan Cancer Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P. R. China.

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Introduction Epigenetic regulation, which involves reversible and heritable changes in gene expression that occur in response to external stimuli without altering the DNA sequence ( 1 , 2 ), is fundamental to understanding the pathogenesis of

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Research Article
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Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-24-0087
Volume/Issue:
Volume 13: Issue 9
Open access
Sophie-Charlotte Drogge Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Mirjam Frank Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Carolin Girschik Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Karl-Heinz Jöckel Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Dagmar Führer-Sakel Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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Börge Schmidt Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany

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and Mülheim/Ruhr. These cities are located in the Western part of Germany. The baseline response proportion was 55.8% ( 21 ). More information about the study design has been provided in detail elsewhere ( 22 ). The study was approved by the local

Article Type:
Research Article
Collections:
Thyroid
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1530/EC-22-0127
Volume/Issue:
Volume 12: Issue 2
Open access